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- The threat of US invasion persisted into the 19th century, partially facilitating Canadian Confederation in 1867. In 1871, the British Army withdrew from Canada, ceding defence responsibilities to the Canadian militia. In subsequent decades, the militia underwent changes that transformed it into a professional force.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Military_history_of_Canada
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Canadian Confederation (French: Confédération canadienne) was the process by which three British North American provinces—the Province of Canada, Nova Scotia, and New Brunswick—were united into one federation, called the Dominion of Canada, on July 1, 1867.
- Background: Early Proposals for Federation. According to historian P.B. Waite, “Confederation appeared in Canada in fits and starts.” The union of the British North American colonies was an idea Lord Durham discussed in his 1839 Report on the Affairs of British North America.
- Reasons for Confederation. Negotiations for the union of British North America gained traction in the 1860s. By that time, Confederation had been a long-simmering idea.
- Maritime Union. By 1864, Confederation had become a serious issue in the Province of Canada (formerly Lower Canada and Upper Canada). In the Atlantic colonies, however, a great deal of pressure would still be needed.
- Political Deadlock in the Province of Canada. The Province of Canada was growing more prosperous and populous. It was rapidly developing politically, socially and industrially.
Dec 18, 2020 · After Confederation, a Militia Act in 1868 established the Department of Militia and Defence. It also authorized the recruitment (on paper) of 40,000 volunteers, for cavalry, infantry, rifle and artillery units. These units would train for eight to 16 days a year at a cost of $1 million annually.
- Reasons for Confederation. The union of British North America was a long-simmering idea. But by the 1860s, it had become a serious question in the Province of Canada.
- Reasons for Confederation. American Annexation. The creation of a huge United States army during the American Civil War (1861–65), combined with Britain’s desire to reduce its financial and military obligations to its colonies in North America, boosted fears of American annexation.
- Road to Confederation.
- The Great Coalition. In the early 1860s, the politics of the Province of Canada were marked by instability and deadlock, a result of the union of Upper and Lower Canada some 20 years earlier.
Canadian confederation was a story of peaceful, civilized political development with bountiful and substantial benefits for the new country and the mother country.
The politicians of the day, like John A. Macdonald, George Brown and George-Étienne Cartier, were trying to govern in the face of a severe political deadlock which had resulted from the Act of Union. Between 1862 and 1864, five separate coalitions had tried to govern the Canadas.
July 1st, 1867 was the culmination of many dreams, much effort, considerable debate and a triumph of political compromise. John A Macdonald, George Cartier, George Brown and many others recognized that the time had come for a larger union, This was the result of a statement in the Union of the Canada's, the Maritimes initiating a process ...
