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Nicholas I [pron 1] (6 July [ O.S. 25 June] 1796 – 2 March [ O.S. 18 February] 1855) was Emperor of Russia, King of Congress Poland, and Grand Duke of Finland. He was the third son of Paul I and younger brother of his predecessor, Alexander I. Nicholas's thirty-year reign began with the failed Decembrist revolt.
Nicholas I, Russian emperor (1825–55), often considered the personification of classic autocracy. For his reactionary policies, he has been called the emperor who froze Russia for 30 years. Learn more about the life and significance of Tsar Nicholas I in this article.
Nicholas I reign ended in a disastrous defeat in the Eastern War, but he was the person behind Russia’s industrial growth.
4 days ago · Although it is unlikely that Nicholas committed suicide, as several historians have claimed, death did come as liberation to the weary and harassed Russian emperor. An ordinary cold picked up in late February 1855 turned into pneumonia, which the once mighty but now apparently exhausted organism refused to fight.
Mar 3, 2005 · Death of Tsar Nicholas I of Russia. The Russian ruler died of pneumonia on March 2nd, 1855. The tsar was fifty-eight. He had held one-sixth of the earth’s surface in an iron grip for thirty years, after succeeding his brother Alexander I in 1825.
May 19, 2024 · In 1833 Nicholas saved the sultan from the Egyptian rebel Muḥammad ʿAlī, and by the Treaty of Hünkâr Iskelesi (July 8, 1833) appeared to receive for that service free passage for Russian ships to the Mediterranean. To all other powers, the Dardanelles were to be closed during wartime.
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Nicholas suppressed intellectual dissent and non-Russian cultures, although Russian literature and arts still flourished during his reign. He appointed generals to bureaucratic roles and removed local autonomy in places like Poland.
