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What does the noun narcotist mean? There is one meaning in OED's entry for the noun narcotist . See ‘Meaning & use’ for definition, usage, and quotation evidence.
- Overview
- Narcotics vs. opioids
- Types of opioids
- What are opioids used for?
- Opioid-use risks
- Addiction vs. tolerance vs. dependence
- Opioid use disorder
- Summary
The terms “narcotics” and “opioids” are both commonly used, but the preferred term in medical and legal contexts is now “opioids.” Opioids are primarily used for pain relief.
According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), people used to refer to drugs as “narcotics” if they relieved pain and dulled the senses. These could be natural or synthetic drugs that worked in the nervous system and the brain to reduce pain.
Most opioids can be legally prescribed by doctors, but they can also be misused or distributed illegally. Some opioids, such as heroin, have no medical function and are illegal to use or distribute except in medical research.
This article will explain the purpose of narcotics or opioids, along with the types, benefits, and risks.
“Opioid” is an umbrella term referring to the natural, synthetic, or semi-synthetic chemicals that work in the nervous system or specific receptors in the brain to reduce pain. Some people still use the term “narcotics” to refer to all illegal drugs, but this is now inaccurate in both medical and legal usage.
According to the CDC and the Drug Enforcement Agency (DEA), the correct term is now “opioids.” The term “narcotics,” used accurately, refers only to opioids.
Opioids are drugs that are either made from natural substances found in the opium poppy plant or manufactured synthetically to mimic the structure of natural opium.
The term “opioids” covers all types of opioid drugs. A similar term, “opiates,” includes only natural opioids such as heroin or morphine.
Opioids fall into four categories. All of these, except heroin, can be legally prescribed for medical purposes. However, legal opioids are also sold illegally outside a doctor’s supervision. Heroin is one opioid that is illegal to make, sell, or use.
•Heroin: This is an illegal opioid synthesized from morphine.
•Natural opioids: These include heroin, morphine, and codeine.
•Synthetic opioids: These include medications such as tramadol and fentanyl. Methadone is a synthetic opioid often used under medical supervision to help manage opioid use disorder.
Prescription opioids are for managing pain after surgery or injury or for health conditions such as cancer. Increasingly, doctors are prescribing opioids for noncancer pain, such as chronic back pain, osteoarthritis, or coughing.
Some people use opioids illegally for the euphoria, or “high,” they can produce. Opioid drugs can cause addiction or opioid use disorder (OUD).
Prescription opioids are usually safe when taken for a short time under a doctor’s supervision. However, they also have the potential to cause mental and physical dependence.
Opioids are highly addictive because they can trigger and release endorphins that make the brain feel pain relief. Since opioids can produce euphoria, and because the body can become habituated to them and produce withdrawal symptoms when a person reduces the drug, people sometimes misuse them. This can lead to opioid use disorder.
Some of the language around opioid use can be confusing. Here is how the CDC clarifies three terms often used to describe a person’s progressive dependence on opioids.
•Opioid tolerance: Tolerance is when a person begins to “tolerate” a drug. They get a reduced effect from the amount they had been taking and need to take more of the drug to get the same initial effect.
•Opioid dependence: Dependence is when a person experiences physical symptoms if they stop the medication. This is because the body has adapted to regular opioid use.
•Opioid addiction: The hallmark feature of addiction is that a person tries and fails to cut down or control use, despite it causing problems at work, school, or home. Opioid addiction usually follows the tolerance and dependence stages.
The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition, text revision (DSM-5-TR) describes OUD as a “problematic pattern of opioid use leading to clinically significant impairment or distress.”
OUD can occur at either the dependence or addiction phases of opioid use, with addiction being the more severe. However, modern researchers are quick to point out that opioid dependence is not the same as addiction. Physical dependence is a natural consequence of taking medications such as opioids long term, while addiction is continued use even with negative effects.
A clinical OUD diagnosis requires that a person experience multiple problems from opioid use, such as:
•opioid-related problems at work, school, or home
•withdrawal symptoms when attempting to cut down on or stop opioid use
•missed life events in favor of opioid use
“Opioids” is the preferred term, in both medical and legal contexts, for a class of drugs that work in the nervous system and specific receptors in the brain to reduce pain and cause relaxation and even euphoria. However, some people still use the term “narcotics.”
Under a doctor’s direction, opioids can help manage acute or chronic pain. If misused, they can lead to opioid use disorder, which can negatively affect physical and mental health, as well as home, work, and social life.
Below is a list of resources to help pharmacists navigate and comply with the relevant legislation governing controlled substances. For resources related to opioids and opioid agonist treatment with methadone or buprenorphine please refer to the Opioids and Opioid Use Disorder practice tool.
UK /ˈnɑːkətɪst/ noun (dated) a person addicted to drugs Examples The narcotist keeps chloroform always at hand. British When a diabetic travels abroad, the customs sometimes take his syringe and he is suspected of being a narcotist. British The children of habitual opium-eaters or narcotists inherit an unmistakable taint.
WHAT ARE NARCOTICS? Also known as “opioids,” the term “narcotic” comes from the Greek word for “stupor” and originally referred to a variety of substances that dulled the senses and relieved pain.
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People also ask
What is a narcotic drug?
What are narcotics & opioids?
What resources do pharmacists need to comply with Controlled Substances?
What are the Narcotic Control Regulations (NCR)?
The NCR describe the circumstances and requirements in which persons (including businesses), pharmacists, practitioners and hospitals may conduct regulated activities including possession, sale, distribution, importation and exportation, and production of narcotics.
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