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Octane costs and values are often described in terms of dollars per octane-barrel ($/AKI-b).21 To measure the cost of producing incremental octane, we calculate the cost of producing an incremental barrel of premium gasoline (CTP) by raising reformer severity (Figure 29, red and black lines).
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- Introduction
- Executive Summary
- Phase 1: Analysis of Gasoline Octane Costs
- Phase 2: Future Gasoline Octane Scenarios
In 2017, the U.S. average retail premium gasoline price was $0.50 per gallon (gal) more than the price of regular gasoline. The difference between premium gasoline and regular gasoline prices began to increase in approximately 2010. The cause of this price spread may be the result of a change in U.S. refinery operations or retail gasoline pricing d...
In the United States, since approximately 2010, the price difference between regular gasoline with an octane rating, or Anti–Knock Index (AKI), of 87, and premium gasoline with an AKI of 91 has been increasing. Between 2010 and 2017, the U.S. average retail price difference between premium gasoline and regular gasoline doubled, from approximately $...
This section examines the possible causes for the increasing premium–to–regular price spread related to the production of motor gasoline and its components at refineries in the United States. To that end, EIA retained Baker & O’Brien to analyze the factors and conditions at refineries that could result in the increasing spread. Baker & O’Brien’s an...
In Phase 2, Baker & O’Brien analyzed whether or not the U.S. domestic refining industry would be capable of meeting higher octane demand if the octane requirements for retail gasoline increased. The scenario assumes that, beginning with model year 2023, all light–duty vehicles in the United States will require a minimum 95 research octane number (R...
To assess octane costs, this study examines trends at the national, the Petroleum Administration for Defense District (PADD), and the regional wholesale market levels. The market for motor gasoline is global, and the U.S. gasoline market is interconnected with the global gasoline market through imports and exports.
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Jan 25, 2019 · The per-barrel price of crude oil is most directly affected by world supply and demand. By closely monitoring the price of crude -- as well as keeping tabs on a few other factors -- you can estimate the cost to fill up. Break down the per-gallon price of gasoline.
Premium fuel is a higher octane fuel in the range of 91-94 octane. This compares to regular grade gasoline which is 87 octane. Higher octane fuel aims to provide greater fuel-burning stability to protect engines from the damage caused by engine knock –also known as abnormal combustion.
Feb 22, 2017 · The "octane" rating of gasoline actually measures the amount of an additive called isooctane. The two are isomers- they have the same chemical formula but different structures and properties. Octane is a chain of eight contiguous carbon atoms.
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The octane number of gasoline is one of the most important measures of gasoline quality to predict accurately the octane ratings of blending gasolines. This measured on a scale that ranges from that equivalent to isooctane (octane number of 100) to.
