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Sep 12, 2022 · A study of Mendel’s seven characteristics illustrates the main principles of genetics. These include the importance of dominant and recessive phenotypes, gene families, pleiotropy, structural and regulatory gene function, and the various methods available to identify genes.
- 10.1093/plphys/kiac424
- 2022/12
- Plant Physiol. 2022 Dec; 190(4): 2103-2114.
Figure 5.10.1 Mendel conducted his research in genetics using pea plants. These purple-flowered plants are not just pretty to look at. Plants like these led to a huge leap forward in biology. They’re common garden peas, and they were studied in the mid-1800s by an Austrian monk named Gregor Mendel.
- Origins
- Genetics
- Applications
- Ancestry
- Discovery
DNA testing evolved from the study of genetics, which began in the late 1800s when Gregor Mendel first studied the phenomenon of inherited traits in pea plants. His work laid the foundation for the discovery of DNA, or deoxyribonucleic acid, the molecules that contain our genetic makeup. Despite the fact that nearly 99 percent of human DNA is simil...
DNA is made up of four base chemicals, adenine, guanine, cytosine and thymine. These pair with each another to form a double-helix structure. DNA is passed down from parent to child through chromosomes. Each human cell has 46 chromosomes, half inherited from the mother and half from the father. Chromosomes and the DNA they contain make it possible ...
As our understanding of genetics and DNA grew, so did the possible applications of the science. DNA testing entered the U.S. legal system in 1987, when Tommy Lee Andrews of Florida was convicted of rape after tests matched a sample of his blood with semen left at the crime scene. DNA also can be used to clear someone of a crime. Glen Woodall of Wes...
Since DNA is inherited from both parents, it is possible to determine parentage conclusively. One of the most famous paternity tests was in 1998. It involved Thomas Jefferson and a slave named Sally Hemings. Based on DNA from descendants of both of them, scientists concluded that Jefferson fathered all six of Hemings' children.
Using DNA testing as a means of identification is becoming more common. In 1992, the Army began collecting DNA samples from recruits to make it easier to identify soldiers killed in action, especially when there are few remains. In 1998, DNA extracted from the remains of a bone was used to identify the Unknown service member of the Vietnam War buri...
Feb 7, 2022 · Quill: In biology classes, we learn that Gregor Mendel’s experiments breeding pea plants in the mid-19th century taught us that inherited traits are delivered to offspring on pairs of genes,...
He has published research in the area of disk storage management, computer simulation techniques, scalable operating system structure, virtualization computer security, and mobility. He is also a co-founder VMware Inc.
Sep 2, 2019 · Having a fundamental understanding of genetics principles, stemming from Mendel and extending into the genomics era, would empower patients or people getting their DNA sequenced by commercial...
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Jun 1, 2012 · The co-founder of VMware and Associate Professor of Computer Science at Stanford explains how an academic research project evolved into a commercial idea.
