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John Hyrcanus (/ h ər ˈ k eɪ n ə s /; יוחנן הרקנוס Yōḥānān Hurqanōs; Ancient Greek: Ἰωάννης Ὑρκανός, romanized: Iōánnēs Hurkanós) was a Hasmonean leader and Jewish high priest of the 2nd century BCE (born 164 BCE, reigned from 134 BCE until his death in 104 BCE).
John Hyrcanus I was a high priest and ruler of the Jewish nation from 135/134 to 104 bc. Under his reign, the Hasmonean kingdom of Judaea in ancient Palestine attained power and great prosperity, and the Pharisees, a scholarly sect with popular backing, and the Sadducees, an aristocratic sect that.
- The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
John Hyrcanus was a high priest and prince of the Hasmonean family in the 2nd century B.C. He fought against the Syrians, the Parthians, and the Samaritans, and extended the borders of Judea. He also forcibly converted the Edomites to Judaism.
John Hyrcanus II was the high priest of Judaea from 76 to 40 bc, and, with his brother Aristobulus II, last of the Maccabean (Hasmonean) dynastic rulers. Under Hyrcanus’ vacillating leadership, Judaea (southern of the three traditional divisions of ancient Palestine, today mostly in Israel) fell.
- The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
John Hyrcanus II (/ h ər ˈ k eɪ n ə s /, Hebrew: יוחנן הרקנוס Yohanan Hurqanos; died 30 BCE), a member of the Hasmonean dynasty, was for a long time the Jewish High Priest in the 1st century BCE.
Learn about the fourth Hasmonean high priest and ruler of Judea, who expanded his kingdom and faced internal challenges. Find out his achievements, controversies and sources in this encyclopedia article.
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The article challenges the common view that John Hyrcanus (ca. 112/111 BCE) destroyed the Samaritan temple on Mount Gerizim out of hatred and contempt for the Samaritans. It argues that his policy was aimed at integrating the Samaritans into the Hasmonean state and forcing their loyalty to the Jerusalem temple.
