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Jun 28, 2021 · A new series of studies to be published by Psychological Science show that White Americans associate the label “Blacks” with being targets of racial bias more than the label “African Americans.” The findings have implications for outcomes as varied as image search results, the tone of media coverage, and non-profit fundraising.
- Stigma and Discrimination: The Roots of Labeling Theory
- Formal and Informal Labeling
- Examples
- References
Sociologists generally agree that deviant labels are also stigmatizing labels (Bernburg, 2009). These sociologists define stigma as a series of specific, negative perceptions and stereotypes attached to a label (Link and Pelan, 2001), which can be evident in and transmitted by mass media or the everyday interactions people have between themselves. ...
Labeling theorists specify two types of categories when investigating the implications of labeling: formal and informal labels. Formal labels are labels ascribed to an individual by someone who has the formal status and ability to discern deviant behavior. For example, someone who has been arrested or officially convicted of a felony carries the fo...
Domestic Violence
In 1981 and 1982, the Minneapolis Police Department conducted an experiment to determine the effect of arresting domestic violence suspects on subsequent behavior (Sherman and Berk, 1984). This original research found that arresting suspected perpetrators of domestic violence had a deterrent effect. However, when several other cities replicated this experiment, they found that arresting domestic violence perpetrators actually resulted in significant increases in domestic violence (Dunford, Hu...
Delinquency and Adolescent Males
Before Matsueda (1992), researchers saw delinquency in adolescents as a factor of self-esteem, with mixed results. Matsueda looked at adolescent delinquency through the lens of how parents and authorities labeled children and how these labels influenced the perception of self these adolescents have — symbolic interactionism. This research is unique in that it examines informal labeling — the effects that other people look at an adolescent have on that adolescent’s behavior. From a theoretical...
Official Punishment, Peer Rejection, and Labeling in Chinese Youths
The consequences of labeling on subsequent delinquency are dependent on the larger cultural context of where the delinquency happens. Zhang (1994a) examined the effects of the severity of the official punishment of delinquency on the probability that youths were estranged from parents, relatives, friends, and neighbors in the city of Tianjin, China. In the heavily collectivist, family-centered Chinese culture, those who were labeled as deviant were significantly more likely to be rejected by...
Becker, H. (1963). Overview of Labelling Theories, www. Hewett, Norfolk. Sch. uk/curric/soc/crime/labelling/diakses pada, 10. Becker, H. (1963). Outsiders-Defining Deviance. In: BECKER, Howard. Outsiders: Studies In The Sociology of Deviance. New York. Bernburg, J. G. (2019). Labeling theory. In Handbook on crime and deviance(pp. 179-196): Springer...
Apr 19, 2021 · Fundamental theories in psychology form the essential foundation of media psychology as a specialty. Media effects have transcended geographic boundaries and are increasingly expanding...
Sep 7, 2023 · Cultivation theory holds that long-term exposure to media shapes how media consumers perceive the world and conduct themselves. The cultivation hypothesis states that the more television people watch, the more likely they are to hold a view of reality closer to television’s depiction.
Sep 8, 2017 · Controlling for peer deviance and peer violence reduces the effect of receiving a formal label by just 6.06% ( ( (0.33–0.31)/0.33)*100) and it remains significant in the model. In Models 3 and 4, we provide results among Black adolescents.
- Jorge M. Chavez, Gregory C. Rocheleau
- 2020
Fundamental theories in psychology form the essential foundation of media psychology as a specialty. Media effects have transcended geographic boundaries and are increasingly expanding...
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How did labeling theory influence criminal and deviant behavior?
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Jun 27, 2019 · Labeling theory posits that people come to identify and behave in ways that reflect how others label them. In a critical review of labeling theory by Johannes Knutson, it is explained that labeling theory served as a framework for what was deemed “criminal and deviant behavior .”
