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Operation Market Garden was an Allied military operation during the Second World War fought in the German-occupied Netherlands from 17 to 25 September 1944. Its objective was to create a 64 mi (103 km) salient into German territory with a bridgehead over the Nederrijn (Lower Rhine River), creating an Allied invasion route into northern Germany ...
- 17-25 September 1944
- See debate on outcome
Sep 21, 2024 · As their armies pursued the retreating Germans across France during World War II, from September 17 to 27, 1944, in what became known as Operation Market Garden, Allied commanders debated alternative strategies on how to advance into Germany.
Operation Market Garden was a pivotal operation during World War Two. In the late summer of 1944, as the Allies gained a foothold in France and looked to advance deeper into Nazi-occupied Europe, the idea for Operation Market Garden was conceived.
- Conflict and Date
- Armies and Commanders
- Background
- The Plan
- German Activity and Intelligence
- Moving Forward
- Successes and Failures
- Endgame at Arnhem
- Failure
- Aftermath
Operation Market-Garden took place between September 17 and 25, 1944, during World War II(1939-1945).
Allies 1. Field Marshal Bernard Montgomery 2. Lieutenant General Brian Horrocks 3. Major General Roy Urquhart 4. Brigadier General James Gavin 5. Major General Maxwell Taylor 6. Brigadier General Stanislaw Sosabowski 7. XXX Corps, 3 airborne divisions, 1 airborne brigade Germany 1. Field Marshal Gerd von Rundstedt 2. Field Marshal Walter Model 3. C...
In the wake of the capture of Caen and Operation Cobra breakout from Normandy, Allied forces conducted a rapid advance across France and into Belgium. Attacking on a broad front, they shattered German resistance and soon were nearing Germany. The speed of the Allied advance began to place significant strains on their increasingly long supply lines....
To accomplish this Montgomery developed Operation Market-Garden. The concept for the plan had its origins in Operation Comet which the British leader had devised in August. Intended to be implemented on September 2, this called for the British 1st Airborne Division and the Polish 1st Independent Parachute Brigade to be dropped in the Netherlands ar...
In allowing Operation Market-Garden to move forward, Allied planners were operating under the assumption that German forces in the area were still in full retreat and that the airborne and XXX Corps would meet minimal resistance. Concerned about the collapse on the western front, Adolf Hitlerrecalled Field Marshal Gerd von Rundstedt from retirement...
Taking off on Sunday, September 17, Allied airborne forces began a daylight drop into the Netherlands. These represented the first of over 34,000 men who would be airlifted to the battle. Hitting their landing zones with high accuracy, they began moving to achieve their objectives. The 101st quickly secured four of the five bridges in their area bu...
While there was some initial confusion on the German side when airborne troops first began landing, Model quickly grasped the nexus of the enemy's plan and began shifting troops to defend Arnhem and attack the Allied advance. The next day, XXX Corps resumed their advance and united with the 101st around noon. As the airborne had been unable to take...
While German forces were actively trying to cut the highway in the rear of XXX Corps' advance, the focus shifted north to Arnhem. On Thursday, September 21, the position at Oosterbeek was under heavy pressure as the British paratroopers battled to retain control the riverbank and access to the ferry leading across to Driel. To rescue the situation,...
On Sunday, the German severed the road south of Veghel and established defensive positions. Though efforts continued to reinforce Oosterbeek, the Allied high command decided to abandon efforts to take Arnhem and to establish a new defensive line at Nijmegen. At dawn on Monday, September 25, the remnants of the British 1st Airborne were ordered to w...
The largest airborne operation ever mounted, Market-Garden cost the Allies between 15,130 and 17,200 killed, wounded, and captured. The bulk of these occurred in the British 1st Airborne Division which began the battle with 10,600 men and saw 1,485 killed and 6,414 captured. German losses numbered between 7,500 and 10,000. Having failed to capture ...
Sep 17, 2019 · Code-named Market Garden, the offensive called for three Allied airborne divisions (the “Market” part of the operation) to drop by parachute and glider into the Netherlands, seizing key...
- Sarah Pruitt
- 4 min
Jul 15, 2019 · The unexpected presence of large numbers of elite Waffen-SS soldiers – like these captives – may have been decisive in preventing the success of Operation Market Garden.
Operation Market Garden is one of the most controversial episodes of the Second World War, featuring daring assaults, strategic blunders and heroic defences. A battle which would come so close to success, before falling at the final hurdle.
