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- Theodora, Byzantine empress known for her intelligence and political acumen. Though her background was considered disreputable, she married Justinian, who became emperor, allowing her to wield considerable influence. She famously championed women’s rights and mitigated the ongoing persecution of the miaphysite sect.
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Who was Empress Theodora of the Byzantine Empire?
Theodora, a 6th-century Byzantine empress married to Emperor Justinian I, is remembered for being one of the most powerful women in Byzantine history. She used her power and influence to promote religious and social policies that were important to her.
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- Procopius
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- Theophilus
- Early Life
- The Nika Revolt
- Attitude to The Church
- Political Intrigues
- Death
Theodora was born in c. 497 CE, the daughter of a bear-keeper called Akakios who worked for the Hippodrome of Constantinople. The 6th-century CE Byzantine historian Procopius of Caesarea states in his Secret History (Anekdota) that Theodora earned her living, like her mother before her, as an actress, which meant performing in the Hippodrome as an ...
Theodora's active role in Byzantine politics and the staunch support she gave her husband are best revealed by the incident of the Nika Revolt of 11-19 January 532 CE. This was an infamous riot caused by factions of the supporters in the Hippodrome of Constantinople. The real causes for complaint were Justinian's tax hikes (to pay for his incessant...
Theodora's religious policies seem to have been entirely her own, they were certainly not those of her husband, the leader of the Byzantine church and protector of orthodoxy. The Empress favoured Monophysitism, that is the belief that Jesus Christ had only one, divine nature (physis), which went against the orthodox view that he had two natures - o...
Theodora's political manoeuvres are blamed for the downfall of the chief minister John of Cappadocia, although he was none too popular with the Byzantine people either because he was seen as the instigator of the oppressive tax reforms which had caused the Nika Revolt. Procopius, too, paints the finance minister as a paradigm of corruption and deba...
Theodora died in 548 CE, aged just 51 or 52, probably of cancer. Justinian had no heir but, perhaps significantly, he never remarried. Theodora's daughter from before her marriage to Justinian had three sons and all of these became prominent figures in the Byzantine court. Justinian, after a period a deep mourning, would rule for another 17 years b...
- Mark Cartwright
Theodora’s legacy for women in the Byzantine Empire was profound. Her efforts to improve women’s legal rights and social status combated the prevailing gender norms of the period. She herself was an example of a woman rising to a position of great power and contributing significantly to the empire’s policies and direction.
Jan 15, 2023 · Theodora’s strong commitment to her beliefs and principles, diplomacy, and political skills made her one of the most influential Empresses of the Byzantine Empire.
As Justinian's partner, Theodora shared his vision of the Byzantine Empire. His vision was straightforward – there could be no Roman Empire that did not include Rome within its control. Since childhood, he was taught that there was one God and one legitimate Empire.
She was the last sovereign of the Macedonian dynasty, that ruled the Byzantine Empire for almost 200 years. Theodora was the youngest daughter of Emperor Constantine VIII. After Theodora's father died in 1028, her older sister Zoë co-ruled with her husbands Romanos III and Michael IV, kept Theodora closely watched.
Jul 22, 2019 · Empress Theodora (c. 497–June 28, 548), wife of Emperor Justinian I, is regarded as the most powerful woman in Byzantine history. Because of her intelligence and political savvy, she was Justinian’s most trusted adviser and used her influence to promote religious and social policies in line with her interests.
