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John Balliol or John de Balliol (c. 1249 – late 1314), known derisively as Toom Tabard (meaning 'empty coat'), was King of Scots from 1292 to 1296. Little is known of his early life.
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John (II) Balliol (c.1249-1314) – King John Balliol of Scotland. As the fourth son of John (I) and Dervorguilla of Galloway, John (II) was probably trained for a clerical career at Durham and had no experience in politics – especially Scottish politics – until the Great Cause of 1291-92.
Dec 15, 2020 · John Balliol ruled as the king of Scotland from 1292 to 1296 CE. He was supported by Edward I of England (r. 1272-1307 CE) in the competition to find the successor to the heirless Alexander III of Scotland (r. 1249-1286 CE), a process known as the Great Cause.
- Mark Cartwright
Those with the most credible claims were John Balliol; Robert de Brus, 5th Lord of Annandale; John Hastings, 1st Baron Hastings; and Floris V, Count of Holland. Fearing civil war, the Guardians of Scotland asked Edward I of England to arbitrate.
John Balliol was captured by Edward's troops on 10 July, in the churchyard at Stracathro in Angus. He was then forced to sign a document admitting he had allied himself with his feudal overlord's enemies and surrendering his Kingdom to Edward.
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The only son of John (II) and Isabella de Warenne, Edward Balliol was born around 1282. His godfather was King Edward I and his early life was probably spent in England or at the royal court.
