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What is a gradient in chemistry?
What is concentration gradient?
Why are concentration gradients a form of chemical potential energy?
What are the components of an electrochemical gradient?
Each particle type has its own unique concentration gradient. This movement isn't planned, but happens randomly. Over time, particles spread evenly, balancing the probability of movement in all directions. This is a key concept in biology and chemistry. Created by Sal Khan. Questions.
- Diffusion - Introduction
Diffusion occurs when particles move from an area of high...
- Diffusion - Introduction
- Concentration Gradient Definition
- Biological Transport
- Concentration Gradient and Diffusion
- Concentration Gradient and Osmosis
- Concentration Gradient in Active Transport
- Examples of Concentration Gradient
- References
Concentration gradient refers to the gradual change in the concentration of solutes in a solution as a function of distance through a solution. A solution, essentially, has two major components, the solvent(the dissolving component, e.g. water) and the solute (the particles that are dissolvable by the solvent). In biochemistry, concentrationpertain...
In biological systems, there are two major transport phenomena: passive transport and active transport. In passive transport, particles (e.g. ions or molecules) are transported along the concentration gradient. This means that the particles move from areas of high concentrations to areas of low concentrations. Because of the passive movement of par...
Simple diffusion is a type of passive transport that does not require the aid of transport proteins. Since the movement is downhill, i.e. from an area of greater concentration to an area of lower concentration, a concentration gradient is enough to drive the process. A neutral net movement of particles will be reached when the concentration gradien...
One of the molecules that require a transport protein to move down the concentration gradient across a biological membrane is water. Osmosisis similar to diffusion as both of them are characterized by a downhill movement. The difference lies though in the particle that moves. In diffusion, it is about the movement of solutes. In osmosis, it is abou...
For active transport, the particles are transported in an uphill movement. This means that they move against their concentration gradient, i.e. from an area of lower concentration to an area of higher concentration. Because the movement is uphill, this process requires chemical energy. Active transport may be primary or secondary. A primary active ...
Ion gradients, such as Sodium/Potassium gradients, are an example of a concentration gradient essential to cells. Neurons, for instance, have a Sodium/Potassium pump that they use to maintain a resting membrane potential (usually ranging from -60 to -90mV). Two major key players are sodium (NA+) and potassium (K+) ions. First,3 Na+ ions inside the ...
Nelson, D. & Cox, M. (2013). Lehninger Principles of Biochemistry. New York: W.H. Freeman. p. 403RMP: Theory. (2019). Retrieved from Mcgill.ca website: https://www.medicine.mcgill.ca/physio/vlab/rmp/theory_RMP_n.htmConcentration Gradients. Retrieved from https://www.mit.edu/~kardar/teaching/projects/chemotaxis(AndreaSchmidt)/gradients.htmBeals, M., Gross, L., & Harrell, S. (1999).DIFFUSION THROUGH A CELL MEMBRANE. Retrieved from http://www.tiem.utk.edu/~gross/bioed/webmodules/diffusion.htmA gradient is a measurement of how much something changes as you move from one region to another. So a concentration gradient is a measurement of how the concentration of something changes from one place to another. Let's give a few examples.
An electrochemical gradient is a gradient of electrochemical potential, usually for an ion that can move across a membrane. The gradient consists of two parts: The chemical gradient, or difference in solute concentration across a membrane. The electrical gradient, or difference in charge across a membrane. When there are unequal concentrations ...
Nov 8, 2020 · Definition. A concentration gradient occurs when a solute is more concentrated in one area than another. A concentration gradient is alleviated through diffusion, though membranes can hinder diffusion and maintain a concentration gradient.
- Gabe Buckley
Nov 21, 2015 · Chemical gradient. Refers to the concentration gradient of an ion or molecule. The concentration gradient may exist across a biological membrane, where the concentration is higher on one side of the membrane compared to the other side.
A gradient refers to a difference in the distribution of matter within a system. Figure 13: Beaker containing a solution with a gradient of solute. Concentration gradients are a form of chemical potential energy. This is because solutes tend to move from high concentration to low concentration.
