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The cost of producing incremental octane was calculated using two approaches and was shown to be less than the market price of octane. Gasoline, gasoline components, and feedstocks (e.g. naphtha) used to make gasoline are global commodities that are frequently traded between regions and countries.
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- Introduction
- Executive Summary
- Phase 1: Analysis of Gasoline Octane Costs
- Phase 2: Future Gasoline Octane Scenarios
In 2017, the U.S. average retail premium gasoline price was $0.50 per gallon (gal) more than the price of regular gasoline. The difference between premium gasoline and regular gasoline prices began to increase in approximately 2010. The cause of this price spread may be the result of a change in U.S. refinery operations or retail gasoline pricing d...
In the United States, since approximately 2010, the price difference between regular gasoline with an octane rating, or Anti–Knock Index (AKI), of 87, and premium gasoline with an AKI of 91 has been increasing. Between 2010 and 2017, the U.S. average retail price difference between premium gasoline and regular gasoline doubled, from approximately $...
This section examines the possible causes for the increasing premium–to–regular price spread related to the production of motor gasoline and its components at refineries in the United States. To that end, EIA retained Baker & O’Brien to analyze the factors and conditions at refineries that could result in the increasing spread. Baker & O’Brien’s an...
In Phase 2, Baker & O’Brien analyzed whether or not the U.S. domestic refining industry would be capable of meeting higher octane demand if the octane requirements for retail gasoline increased. The scenario assumes that, beginning with model year 2023, all light–duty vehicles in the United States will require a minimum 95 research octane number (R...
Premium fuel is a higher octane fuel in the range of 91-94 octane. This compares to regular grade gasoline which is 87 octane. Higher octane fuel aims to provide greater fuel-burning stability to protect engines from the damage caused by engine knock –also known as abnormal combustion.
May 14, 2003 · #1 · May 14, 2003. Usual here is 95, and there is also 98 available. Price of 98 is a bit higher, but not much. Now, I know that higher octane rating means more power. I also know that YJ...
Jul 17, 2007 · Octane, or iso-octane is a measure of how much compression the fuel-air mixture will stand before it explodes (pinging) instead of burning, as it must in an internal combustion engine.
An octane number beyond 100 can only be obtained by an extrapolated octane rating curve or utilizing octane enhancers such as tetra-ethyl lead with the iso-octane reference fuel [14].
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To assess octane costs, this study examines trends at the national, the Petroleum Administration for Defense District (PADD), and the regional wholesale market levels. The market for motor gasoline is global, and the U.S. gasoline market is interconnected with the global gasoline market through imports and exports.
