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5 days ago · White Sugar Price Index is a simple average of the close quotes for the first two future positions of the London ICE, White Sugar Contract. +. Average calculated in accordance with Statistical Rule S-14 under the 1992 ISA for the day the NYSE market was closed.
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Nov 17, 2022 · What is octane? In recent years, car manufacturers have been requiring or recommending premium gasoline (a high-octane grade of fuel) for use in more of their vehicle models. The difference in prices between premium and lower octane grades has also increased.
- Introduction
- Executive Summary
- Phase 1: Analysis of Gasoline Octane Costs
- Phase 2: Future Gasoline Octane Scenarios
In 2017, the U.S. average retail premium gasoline price was $0.50 per gallon (gal) more than the price of regular gasoline. The difference between premium gasoline and regular gasoline prices began to increase in approximately 2010. The cause of this price spread may be the result of a change in U.S. refinery operations or retail gasoline pricing d...
In the United States, since approximately 2010, the price difference between regular gasoline with an octane rating, or Anti–Knock Index (AKI), of 87, and premium gasoline with an AKI of 91 has been increasing. Between 2010 and 2017, the U.S. average retail price difference between premium gasoline and regular gasoline doubled, from approximately $...
This section examines the possible causes for the increasing premium–to–regular price spread related to the production of motor gasoline and its components at refineries in the United States. To that end, EIA retained Baker & O’Brien to analyze the factors and conditions at refineries that could result in the increasing spread. Baker & O’Brien’s an...
In Phase 2, Baker & O’Brien analyzed whether or not the U.S. domestic refining industry would be capable of meeting higher octane demand if the octane requirements for retail gasoline increased. The scenario assumes that, beginning with model year 2023, all light–duty vehicles in the United States will require a minimum 95 research octane number (R...
Octane costs and values are often described in terms of dollars per octane-barrel ($/AKI-b).21 To measure the cost of producing incremental octane, we calculate the cost of producing an incremental barrel of premium gasoline (CTP) by raising reformer severity (Figure 29, red and black lines).
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Dec 8, 2011 · The purchase price is US$198 million, subject to closing adjustments, plus working capital estimated at US$50 million primarily related to butane and iso-octane inventories. Closing of the acquisition is subject to regulatory approvals.
To assess octane costs, this study examines trends at the national, the Petroleum Administration for Defense District (PADD), and the regional wholesale market levels. The market for motor gasoline is global, and the U.S. gasoline market is interconnected with the global gasoline market through imports and exports.
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