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     • The undulating curtains of light that we call auroras are actually products of our star, created as charged particles from the sun slam into our atmosphere and cause atoms in the air to glow with vibrant colors. The best, most intense auroras appear when Earth is subjected to an onslaught from a solar flare.
     www.nationalgeographic.com/science/article/solar-fares

     Solar flares—facts and information - National Geographic

2. People also ask

   What happens if a solar flare erupts?

   • The solar eruption triggered a geomagnetic storm on Earth, resulting in aurora borealis, or northern lights, that could be seen as far south as Florida and Cuba. Strong solar flares can a large release of plasma and magnetic field from the sun, known as a coronal mass ejection.

   Solar flares: What are they and how do they affect Earth?

   www.space.com/solar-flares-effects-classification-formation

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   When will a solar flare hit Earth?

   • NASA models show that the CME unleashed by the solar flare will likely hit Earth on Saturday (Oct. 4). (Image credit: NASA) The latest solar outburst is another sign that we have likely entered solar maximum — the peak of the sun's roughly 11-year solar cycle, which occurs right before its magnetic field completely flips.

   Monster X-class flare launches massive solar storm towards Earth — and

   www.livescience.com/space/the-sun/monster-x-class-flare-launches-massive-solar-storm-towards-earth-and-could-trigger-auroras-this-weekend

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   How do solar flares affect Earth?

   • Solar flares can be disruptive to Earth. We're safe here on the surface, since X- and gamma radiation can't travel far into the atmosphere; but the powerful burst of radiation can briefly interfere with high-frequency radio communications systems. The strongest effects are felt with a coronal mass ejection, or CME.

   Most Powerful Solar Flare in 7 Years Blasts Earth ... - ScienceAlert

   www.sciencealert.com/most-powerful-solar-flare-in-7-years-blasts-earth-expect-stunning-auroras

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   What causes solar flares?

   • Solar flares occur when magnetic energy builds up in the solar atmosphere and is released suddenly. These outbursts are intrinsically linked to the solar cycle — an approximately 11-year cycle of solar activity driven by the sun's magnetic field. Related: How hot is the sun?

   Solar flares: What are they and how do they affect Earth?

   www.space.com/solar-flares-effects-classification-formation

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   What is a solar flare?

   • Solar flares are large explosions from the surface of the sun that emit intense bursts of electromagnetic radiation. The intensity of the explosion determines what classification the flare belongs to. The most powerful are X-class flares, followed by M-, C- and B-class; A-class flares are the smallest.

   Solar flares: What are they and how do they affect Earth?

   www.space.com/solar-flares-effects-classification-formation

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   Did the Sun unleash the most powerful solar flare in 7 years?

   • (NASA/SDO) The Sun just unleashed the most powerful flare we've seen in seven years. On October 3, a flare measured at a strength of X9.0 exploded right in the middle of the solar disk. Even more excitingly, it was accompanied by what is known as a halo coronal mass ejection – one that is ejected straight at Earth.

   Most Powerful Solar Flare in 7 Years Blasts Earth ... - ScienceAlert

   www.sciencealert.com/most-powerful-solar-flare-in-7-years-blasts-earth-expect-stunning-auroras

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3. www.sciencealert.com › biggest-solar-storm-inBiggest Solar Storm in Decades Triggers Intense Auroras: The ...

   www.sciencealert.com › biggest-solar-storm-in

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   May 13, 2024 · Green aurora is caused by solar particles interacting with oxygen at altitudes between 100 and 300 kilometers (62 to 186 miles). But the brilliant scarlet light we've been seeing is the result of interaction with oxygen at higher altitudes, between 300 and 400 kilometers.

   • The Sun Unleashed a Huge Solar Flare at Earth, And We're on ...

     When sunspot magnetic fields of opposite polarity get...

   • Most Powerful Solar Flare in 7 Years Blasts Earth: Expect ...

     Auroras are caused by solar particles slamming into Earth's...

4. science.nasa.gov › science-research › heliophysicsHow NASA Tracked the Most Intense Solar Storm in Decades

   science.nasa.gov › science-research › heliophysics

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   During the first full week of May, a barrage of large solar flares and coronal mass ejections (CMEs) launched clouds of charged particles and magnetic fields toward Earth, creating the strongest solar storm to reach Earth in two decades — and possibly one of the strongest displays of auroras on record in the past 500 years.

5. Videos

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     Space Weather and Earth's Aurora

     May 20, 2013

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     Solar Flare Causes Brilliant Aurora (Northern Lights) in Canada

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     Fantastic Aurora: Inside the Sun to Earth's Poles

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6. www.space.com › extreme-solar-storm-affectsSolar storm bombarding Earth now may reach 'extreme' levels ...

   www.space.com › extreme-solar-storm-affects

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   Oct 10, 2024 · Severe solar storm could supercharge auroras across US, impact power grids, NOAA warns. The coronal mass ejection, or CME, from the sun reached Earth at 11:17 a.m. EDT (1517 GMT) and triggered a...

7. www.space.com › solar-flares-effectsSolar flares: What are they and how do they affect Earth?

   www.space.com › solar-flares-effects

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   Jul 6, 2022 · Solar flares occur when magnetic energy builds up in the solar atmosphere and is released suddenly. These outbursts are intrinsically linked to the solar cycle — an...

8. www.sciencealert.com › the-sun-unleashed-a-hugeThe Sun Unleashed a Huge Solar Flare at Earth, And We're on ...

   www.sciencealert.com › the-sun-unleashed-a-huge

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   Oct 3, 2024 · When sunspot magnetic fields of opposite polarity get tangled, they can snap and reconnect, causing powerful explosions of energy. A solar flare is an eruption of light; that reaches us at light speed and can cause temporary radio blackouts.

9. www.sciencealert.com › most-powerful-solar-flareMost Powerful Solar Flare in 7 Years Blasts Earth: Expect ...

   www.sciencealert.com › most-powerful-solar-flare

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   Oct 4, 2024 · Auroras are caused by solar particles slamming into Earth's magnetic field, and getting channeled and accelerated along magnetic field lines to high latitudes, where they are dumped out into the upper atmosphere. Oof that is one stunning CME. (NASA SOHO)

10. www.livescience.com › space › the-sunMonster X-class flare launches massive solar storm towards ...

    www.livescience.com › space › the-sun

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    Oct 2, 2024 · The X-class solar flare — the most powerful type the sun can produce — exploded outward from sunspot AR3842 near the solar equator at around 6 p.m. ET on Tuesday (Oct. 1). The flare had a...