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Jul 20, 2021 · The analyzed literature shows that estrone (E1), estradiol (E2), estriol (E3), and synthetic ethinyloestradiol (EE2) are the most significant in terms of environmental impact. Potential sources of contamination are, among others, livestock farms, slaughterhouses, and large urban agglomerations.
- Konrad Wojnarowski, Paweł Podobiński, Paulina Cholewińska, Jakub Smoliński, Karolina Dorobisz
- 10.3390/ani11072152
- 2021
- Animals (Basel). 2021 Jul; 11(7): 2152.
Oct 26, 2023 · In the United States, states have the power to regulate chemicals within their boundaries, allowing for faster and more stringent legislation compared to the federal government (Kassotis & Trasande, 2021). This addresses the slow response of federal agencies in identifying and addressing EDC risks; however, it also creates 50 local regulatory bodies rather than a centralized decision-making body.
- Injectable Hormone Shortages Are Affecting Both Trans and Cisgender People
- Desperation Leads to Nonprescription Use of Hormone Therapy
- Supply Problems Caused in Part by Growing Global Demand
- Access to Transgender Healthcare Is Already A Struggle
- Resources We Love
Williams is one of many people in the United States dealing with ongoing supply issues of injectable testosterone and estrogen. Transgender people use hormone replacement therapy for gender-affirming care, but cisgender people — those who identify with the sex assigned to them at birth — use these medications, too: Cisgender women may use hormone t...
Data collected in September 2015 and published in the Annals of Family Medicine in November 2020showed that 9.2 percent of American transgender adults taking gender-affirming hormones did so without a prescription. With ongoing shortages, this number could increase. There are other options for hormone therapy besides injections. Pills, gels, and pa...
Supply chain issues lie at the center of the shortage, as is the case for many other drugs at the moment. “One manufacturer has indicated delays with manufacturing, but the cause of those delays is unknown,” says Michael Ganio, PharmD, the senior director of pharmacy practice and quality at ASHP. “Other manufacturers have not disclosed a reason for...
In the United States, access to gender-affirming healthcare for transgender patients has multiple barriers, from health insurance to legal challenges. A 2015 survey conducted by the National Center for Transgender Equalityfound that while 78 percent of transgender adults have wanted hormone therapy at some point in their life, only 49 percent have ...
Point of Pride’s HRT Access Fund This is a scholarship-like program that provides direct financial assistance to trans folks who cannot afford their gender-affirming hormone replacement therapy. QMed Medical providers on this site prescribe gender-affirming hormone therapy to trans, nonbinary, and gender-expansive patients of all ages across 25 sta...
Feb 4, 2021 · Published online 2021 Feb 4. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18041464. PMCID: PMC7913912. PMID: 33557243. Endocrine Disruptors Acting on Estrogen and Androgen Pathways Cause Reproductive Disorders through Multiple Mechanisms: A Review.
- Saira Amir, Syed Tahir Abbas Shah, Charalampos Mamoulakis, Anca Oana Docea, Olga-Ioanna Kalantzi, At...
- 10.3390/ijerph18041464
- 2021
- 2021/02
May 28, 2019 · Banned in the U.S. since the early 1970s, synthetic estrogens such as DDT and PCBs continue to poison the environment, partially due to their ongoing use in developing countries and their ability to vaporize and drift across the globe.7.
May 1, 2022 · Most compounds banned under the Stockholm Convention but still ubiquitous globally. Water and wastewater Biosolids Soils and sediments Tissues Urine and serum Breast milk Estrogen agonists and antagonists; Androgen antagonists; Interfere with gonadotropin release; Aromatase inhibitors
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These estrogens can originate from various sources, such as from livestock treated with estrogens to promote their growth: cattle was exposed to DES until it was banned in 1973, and thereafter cattle has been given other estrogenic growth stimulating products [86, 87]. In addition, humans are daily exposed to many industrial chemicals with ...
