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- An increase in childhood education and exercise, maintaining social engagements, reducing or stopping smoking, and management of hearing loss, depression, diabetes, hypertension, and obesity could all contribute to prevention or delay of dementia.
www.thelancet.com/article/S0140-6736(17)31363-6/fulltext
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Higher childhood education levels and lifelong higher educational attainment reduce dementia risk. 2,35–37 New work suggests overall cognitive ability increases, with education, before reaching a plateau in late adolescence, when brain reaches greatest plasticity; with relatively few further gains with education after age 20 years. 38 This ...
- A Wandering Spleen, Splenomegaly, Hypersplenism, and Iron Deficiency Anaemia
However, the patient remained thrombocytopenic at 82 × 10 9...
- PPT
Dementia prevention, ... Pooled results of meta-analyses...
- A Wandering Spleen, Splenomegaly, Hypersplenism, and Iron Deficiency Anaemia
Interventions for other risk factors including more childhood education, exercise, maintaining social engagement, reducing smoking, and management of hearing loss, depression, diabetes, and obesity might have the potential to delay or prevent a third of dementia cases. 3 Treat cognitive symptoms.
- Overview
- Causes
- Signs and symptoms
- Clinical significance
- Risks
- Prognosis
- Epidemiology
- Research
- Symptoms
- Diagnosis
- Scope
- Effects
- Safety
- Applications
- Prevention
- Treatment
\"Dementia\" is a general term for when a person has developed difficulties with reasoning, judgment, and memory. People who have dementia usually have some memory loss as well as difficulty in at least one other area, such as:
Dementia can be caused by several diseases that affect the brain. The most common cause is Alzheimer disease. Alzheimer disease is present in approximately 60 to 80 percent of all cases of dementia; other degenerative and/or vascular diseases may be present as well, particularly as a person gets older. (See 'Mixed dementia' below.) This article wil...
Dementia with Lewy bodies Dementia with Lewy bodies is a form of dementia caused by abnormal protein structures (\"Lewy bodies\") that form within brain cells. It causes symptoms characteristic of Parkinson disease, such as trembling, stiffness, and difficulty moving normally. This disorder also often causes hallucinations, which can be vivid and ...
Parkinson disease dementia Dementia can also occur later in the course of Parkinson disease and has symptoms that are very similar to dementia with Lewy bodies. (See \"Patient education: Parkinson disease symptoms and diagnosis (Beyond the Basics)\".) Frontotemporal dementia Like Alzheimer disease, frontotemporal dementia causes nerve cell loss i...
DEMENTIA RISK FACTORS Over time, people with dementia have trouble doing their regular daily activities, which can lead to safety issues. (See 'Safety and lifestyle issues for people with dementia' below.)
There is no way to predict with certainty who will develop dementia. Each form of dementia has its own risk factors, but most forms have several risk factors in common. A major issue for caregivers is making sure the person with dementia stays safe. Because many people with dementia do not realize that their mental functioning is impaired, they try...
Age The biggest risk factor for dementia is age: dementia is rare in people younger than 60 years and becomes very common in people older than 80. For example, dementia affects approximately one in six people between 80 and 85 years old, one in three above 85 years, and almost half of people over age 90.
Scientists have discovered a particular gene, called APOE epsilon 4, that increases a person's risk of developing Alzheimer disease. But even among individuals with this gene, only approximately one-half develop Alzheimer disease by age 90, suggesting that other factors are also involved. Testing for this gene is not currently recommended unless yo...
DEMENTIA SYMPTOMS Each form of dementia can cause difficulty with memory, language, reasoning, and judgment, but the symptoms are often very different from person to person. Symptoms also change over time.
To diagnose dementia and identify the type of dementia, health care providers typically rely on the information they can gather by interacting with the person and speaking with his or her family members. The provider will typically perform memory and other cognitive (thinking) tests to assess the person's degree of difficulty with different types o...
The following information applies specifically to people with Alzheimer disease, but much of it is also relevant to people with other forms of dementia.
Losing the ability to drive can be hard to accept because it represents independence for many people. It can also be challenging if the person does not completely appreciate his/her impairments in mental functioning or reaction time. Many people with mild but worrisome impairments will insist that they can safely drive locally or in the daytime. Ho...
Cooking Cooking is another area that can lead to serious safety concerns and may require help or supervision. Symptoms such as distractibility, forgetfulness, and difficulty following directions can lead to burns, fires, or other injuries. The use of gas cooking appliance raises a particular concern. A family member may have to ask the utility com...
Wandering As dementia progresses, some people with Alzheimer disease begin to wander. Because restlessness, distractibility, and memory problems are common, a person who wanders may easily become lost. Identification bracelets can help ensure that a lost wanderer gets home. The Alzheimer's Association provides a \"Safe Return\" program that provid...
Regular exercise may decrease the restlessness that can lead to wandering. Exercise is also just good practice to maintain strength, good sleep, and overall health. If wandering continues, wearable alarm systems are available that alert caretakers when the person leaves the home. To reduce the risk of falls, eliminate potential hazards such as loos...
DEMENTIA TREATMENT The treatment approach depends in part on the type of dementia a person has. People with vascular dementia should focus on getting their blood pressure and cholesterol under control to reduce the risk of further damage to the brain. People with dementia related to Parkinson disease, meanwhile, sometimes need medications used to m...
Ensuring an informed and effective dementia workforce is of international concern; however, there remains limited understanding of how this can be achieved. This review aimed to identify features of effective dementia educational programs.
Dec 16, 2022 · Objectives. To review evidence about the effectiveness of educational programmes in promoting the delivery of person-centered care by staff in dementia services. Methods. Several databases were searched, and the methodological quality of identified studies systematically evaluated.
Preventing disease onset or progression would translate to public health and societal benefits. In this review, we discuss the latest evidence on interventions that may show promise for the prevention of cognitive decline.
More synapses may boost cognitive reserve, which may help prevent dementia. Another reason could be that people with more education tend to have healthier lifestyles than those with less education.
