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The middle layer, the_________ , is made of a darkly pigmented tissue. The third or inner layer is responsible for the reception of the light rays and the translation of that stimulus into an impulse for the optic nerve, which takes it to the brain for interpretation of the image.
Anatomy & Physiology Test 1: Review Lecture 3- Chemical Reactions and Water in the Body. Anatomy and Physiology Section 1 - Directional Terms, Planes, and Cavities.
- Respiratory System
- Digestive System
- Cardiovascular/Circulatory System
- Urinary System
- Endocrine System
- Nervous System
- Musculoskeletal System
- Integumentary System/Exocrine System
- Lymphatic System/Immune System
- Reproductive System
The respiratory system facilitates gas exchange between cells and the environment. The structures involved include the nasal passage, the trachea, and the lungs. The respiratory system takes oxygen from the environment to be used throughout the body. In humans, oxygen is taken into the body by the lungs, where it and rapidly diffuses into the blood...
The digestive system ingests food and breaks it down into usable nutrients before excreting solid waste products. It includes the mouth, esophagus, stomach, and intestines. The digestive system takes in food and processes it to obtain useful nutrients that the body can use for fuel. Carbohydrates, proteins, and fats can all be used by our cells to ...
The cardiovascular system (sometimes called the circulatory system, which could also include the lymphatic system) is responsible for the transport of materials through the body. These substances include oxygen, nutrients, hormones, and waste products. The cardiovascular system includes the heart, the blood, and the blood vessels. The cardiovascula...
The urinary system (sometimes called the renal system) extracts and excretes dissolved waste products from the blood. The main organs that function in the urinary system are the kidneys and bladder. The urinary system keeps our body healthy by removing dangerous waste products from our blood and expelling them in the form of urine. It also function...
The endocrine system secretes chemical signals that allow body systems to respond to environmental changes and to one another . It includes hormone-producing tissues of the pineal gland and pituitary gland in the brain; the thyroid gland; the adrenal glands; the pancreas; and the ovaries, and testes. The endocrine system consists of a number of tis...
The nervous system allows us to perceive and respond to the world around us. This also includes our emotions and personality. The nervous system includes the brain, the brain stem, and all the nerves. The nervous system allows us to sense and respond to stimuli, such as light, sound, smell, and touch from our environment. It also allows rapid commu...
The musculoskeletal system gives the body structure and allows us to move. We will first discuss the muscles before moving on to discuss the skeletal system. The system of muscles throughout an organism operate to move the organism and stimulate the internal organs. There are three main types of muscles in a mammal: smooth muscle, skeletal muscle, ...
These systems cover the body and regulate its exchange with the outside world. This includes the skin, hair, nails, sweat, and other glands that secrete substances onto the skin. Like the famous saying, skin keeps our insides in! It also keeps everything else out. Skin is our body’s first line of defense against pathogens, harmful substances, injur...
The lymphatic system includes the circulatory and immune systems.The lymphatic system is responsible for absorbing fat from the digestive system, maintaining fluid balance, and supporting the cells of the immune system. Every living thing needs to be able to fight invasion by foreign particles. This is because every organism that is made of delicio...
The reproductive system facilitates the production of offspring. It includes, for example, the ovaries, uterus, mammary glands (breasts), penis, and testes. The reproductive system is not essential to individual survival, but it is essential for the survival of the species. After all, a species whose members couldn’t reproduce would not last very l...
Mar 22, 2023 · The human body is made up of approximately 75 trillion cells. Cells are the basic building blocks of life and are responsible for carrying out various functions in the body. They form tissues, organs, and systems, working together to maintain the overall functioning of the body.
Mar 6, 2017 · The body is made up of several organ systems that work together as one unit. Take this quiz to discover how much you know about human organ systems.
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Feb 28, 2021 · Other larger structures can readily be seen, manipulated, measured, and weighed. The word “anatomy” comes from a Greek root that means “to cut apart.”. Human anatomy was first studied by observing the exterior of the body and observing the wounds of soldiers and other injuries.
