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Thomas Huxley (1825-1895), about Darwin’s theory of Evolution by Nat-ural Selection. From the mid 18th Century to the early part of the 20th, a large fraction of biologists’ efforts went into two massive collective discoveries, the discovery of biotic diversity, and the discovery of evolution.
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- An Introduction
- 1 Biological Evolution: The Beginnings of the Story
- 2 Reviewing the Evidence for Evolution
- Contents
- 4 Natural Selection and Adaptive Change
- 5 Evolution and Development
- 6 The Origins of Biodiversity
- Contents
- 8 The History and Origins of Life on Earth
- 9 Molecules and Evolution
- 10 Human Evolution
- Preface
- Biological Evolution as its title.
- x Preface
- Acknowledgements
Biological evolution, the theory of natural selection and of common descent, is a triumph both of human reasoning and scientific undertaking. The biological discipline of evolution contains both a chronicle of human endeavour and the story of life on Earth. This book is concerned with living forms and how they developed from ‘simple and unpromising...
The Development of Evolution as a Science The Years before Publication of Origin of Species So, What Is Evolution? Change and Species Formation Natural History and Classification Exploring the Development and Progress of Life on Earth The Galapagos Islands and Darwin’s Finches: A Case Study The Finches Classification and the Galapagos Finches Darwi...
Homology and Comparative Anatomy Embryology Vestigial Organs The Fossil Record Fossils and Phylogeny Biogeography Observational and Experimental Evidence
Genes in Populations Variation within Populations Variation between Populations Population Genetics
Natural and Artificial Selection Selection in Populations Polymorphism Heterozygote Advantage Directional Selection and Local Adaptation Sexual Selection Genetic Drift and the Adaptive Landscape The Unit of Selection
Evolutionary Developmental Biology (Evo-Devo) The Epigenetic Landscape Homeosis Hox Genes The Body Axes and Segmentation The Dorsoventral Axis Functional Analogy The History of Hox Genes The Divergence of Body Plans Homeotic Genes and Control of Development in Higher Plants Evolutionary Developmental Repatterning
Species Concepts Isolating Mechanisms Speciation Speciation through Polyploidy Parapatric Distribution, Speciation and Hybrid Zones Sympatric Speciation The Explosive Speciation of Cichlids
vii Phenetics Cladistics Molecular Taxonomy Nomenclature Classification and Big Data
What Is Life: Characteristics of Living Things Origins of Life The First Organisms Origins of the Eukaryotes and the Evolution of Sex Multicellularity and the Higher Taxa The Evolution of Animals The Evolution of Plants Movement onto Land
The Early Earth Replication and the RNA World Gene Trees DNA and RNA Phylogenies Rates of Molecular Evolution Molecular Clocks Phylogenomics and Transposable Elements Lateral Gene Transfer Genomics and ‘Big Science’
Looking at Mammals Becoming Human Palaeobiology and the Human Lineage Modern Humans Evidence from the Human Genome Human Success Human Cultural Evolution Are We Still Evolving?
A textbook is more than a simple source account or provider of information. We live in an information age where factual description and scientific explanation are readily available on-line. And so, the textbook (particularly an introductory text such as this) should also convey ideas, stories, context and controversies as well as fulfilling its pri...
Biological evolution, the theory of natural selection and of common descent, is a triumph both of human reasoning and scientific endeavour. And although, for most of us, the story begins with Charles Darwin and Alfred Russel Wallace in the mid-
nineteenth century, the idea of biological change over time was not new. Through primitive animism and the later philosophies of the ancient world, the history of evolutionary thought takes in several millennia and several different world views. The Age of Enlightenment, including the Scientific Revolution of the seventeenth and eighteenth centurie...
The book owes much to past students, friends, family and colleagues, in particular initial conversations with Dr Alec Panchen. My own thinking on the ideas and concepts of evolution has also developed profoundly through tutoring the next generation of biologists and biology teachers both at Warwick and Durham Universities. I acknowledge, with grati...
biology is vast and complex. Here, we only sketch the broad outlines of the basic history of evolutionary theory and enquiry. To do this, we first describe the development of the idea of evolution and its subsequent establishment as a documented fact. We then outline the development and expansion of the modern synthetic theory from 1950 to the ...
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One of our goals is to see that we can use convolution to give a formula for the response of an LTI system in terms of the weight function and input. The next example illustrates this
Molecular biology Like structural homologies, similarities between biological molecules can reflect shared evolutionaryancestry. At the most basic level, all living organisms share: • The same genetic material (DNA) • The same, or highly similar, genetic codes • The same basic process of gene expression(transcription and translation)
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Evidence for evolution is provided by the following five scientific disciplines. Describe and give examples for each of the five disciplines. Comparative anatomy, include homologous structures and analogous structures. Darwin presented his theory for natural selection using the following arguments. Explain each one.
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Jun 5, 2014 · Understanding Evolution is intended for undergraduate students in the life sciences, biology teachers or anyone wanting a basic introduction to evolutionary theory. Covering core concepts and...