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Mar 1, 2011 · Economic inequality, an introduction. Maurizio Franzini and Mario Pianta. February 2011. Abstract. In this paper we offer an introductory exploration of inequality, considering how. political ...
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Economic inequality, an introduction. Maurizio Franzini and...
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- What is Inequality? Definitions and Dimensions
- Produced for the UK Department for International Development (DFID) by the Economists’ Resource Centre (ERC)
- Inequality between Whom?
- Inequality over What Time Horizon?
- Box 2 Theil Index and Decomposability
- Developing Concepts of Inequality
- Understanding Factors Behind Inequality
Inequality is different from poverty but related to it. Inequality concerns variations in living standards across a whole population. By contrast poverty focuses only on those whose standard of living falls below an appropriate threshold level (such as a poverty line). This threshold may be set in absolute terms (based on an externally determined n...
The views expressed are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect those of the Economists’ Resource Centre, its consortium members (Overseas Development Institute, Mokoro and Oxford Policy Management) or the Department for International Development While much discussion focuses on inequality in outcomes (typically more easily observed base...
Inequality is typically thought of as differences between individuals within a population, normally a country, though it can also be considered for smaller or larger populations (for instance, within local communities or at a global level). In practice the most widely used measures of inequality (i.e. income, consumption or assets) are generally lo...
The data used to measure inequality are often collected at a single point in time whereas many aspects of living conditions vary over time. This is a common criticism of income-based measures of the standard of living – as typically measured they are static in nature, whereas income fluctuates over time, within a year, from one year to the next, or...
Although the Theil Index does not have a straightforward intuitive explanation, it is quite widely used in analysis because it has the desirable property of decomposability (see below). Taking the example of income inequality, in a perfectly equal society for every individual their share of total income will be equal to their share of the populatio...
This involves placing more emphasis on both qualitative sources of information and on other quantitative measures not amenable to being measured and analysed using the techniques discussed above. In terms of qualitative approaches there is a long tradition in participatory investigation of using wealth ranking and similar techniques. This is oft...
Though national level data on inequality are of interest in knowing the extent of inequality, for cross-country comparisons and in monitoring trends, for many purposes it is also important to consider inequality at a more detailed level. This is particularly important when seeking to identify the determinants of income inequality. It is true that...
The Lorenz curve provides information about the degree of income inequality in a country. Note that the 45-degree line in Figure 10.1 represents a situation of absolute equality. If every household had the same exact income, then, for example, the “bottom”. 40 percent of households would receive 40 percent of all income.
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AN INTRODUCTION TO ECONOMIC INEQUALITY. EAMONN BUTLER. First published in Great Britain in 2022 by. The Institute of Economic Afairs. 2 Lord North Street Westminster London SW1P 3LB in association with London Publishing Partnership Ltd. londonpublishingpartnership.co.ukThe mission of the Institute of Economic Afairs is to improve understanding ...
Inequality can be sub-divided into three key types: economic inequality, social inequality and polit-ical inequality. Social, economic and political inequalities reinforce each other. No one type of ine-quality ‘comes first’ – it is essentially a circular question. For example, a child with poor nutrition
Some degree of inequality may not be a problem insofar as it provides the incentives for people to excel, compete, save, and invest to move ahead in life. For example, returns to education and differentiation in labor earnings can spur human capital accumulation and economic growth, despite being associated with higher income inequality.
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Jan 1, 2020 · Abstract. Inequality refers to the phenomenon of unequal and/or unjust distribution of resources and opportunities among members of a given society. The term inequality may mean different things ...
