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Disorganised Thinking and Incoherent Speech. The way that information, memories, and perceptions are processed in the brain can change profoundly in psychosis. This can result in thoughts appearing as alien and unfamiliar, or thoughts appearing to be blocked or even removed.
- Definition
- What causes this and who’s at risk?
- What’s the difference between dysphasia and aphasia?
- Types of dysphasia
- Symptoms of dysphasia
- How it’s diagnosed
- Treatment options
- What’s the outlook?
Dysphasia is a condition that affects your ability to produce and understand spoken language. Dysphasia can also cause reading, writing, and gesturing impairments.
Dysphasia is often mistaken for other disorders. It’s sometimes confused with dysarthria, a speech disorder. It may also be confused with dysphagia, a swallowing disorder.
Dysphasia is a language disorder. It occurs when the areas of the brain responsible for turning thoughts into spoken language are damaged and can’t function properly. Consequently, people with dysphasia often have difficulty with verbal communication.
Dysphasia is caused by brain damage. Strokes are the most common cause of brain damage that leads to dysphasia. Other causes include infections, head injuries, and tumors.
Dysphasia occurs when the areas of the brain responsible for language production and comprehension are damaged or injured. This damage can be caused by a number of different medical conditions.
Strokes are the most common cause of dysphasia. During a stroke, a blockage or breakage in the blood vessels of the brain deprives the cells of blood, and consequently oxygen. When brain cells are deprived of oxygen for too long, they may die.
Some other common causes of dysphasia include:
•infections
•severe head injuries
•brain tumors
Dysphasia and aphasia have the same causes and symptoms. Some sources suggest aphasia is more severe, and involves a complete loss of speech and comprehension abilities. Dysphasia, on the other hand, only involves moderate language impairments.
However, many health professionals and researchers use these terms interchangeably to refer to full and partial disruptions of language abilities. Aphasia is the preferred term in North America, while dysphasia may be more common in other parts of the world.
Expressive types
Expressive dysphasia affects speech and language output. People who have expressive dysphasia have difficulty producing speech, though they may understand what’s said to them. They’re usually aware of their difficulties expressing themselves.
Receptive types
Receptive dysphasia affects language comprehension. People who have receptive dysphasia are often able to speak, but without meaning. They’re often unaware that others don’t understand them.
Global type
Global dysphasia (also called global aphasia) is caused by widespread damage to the brain’s language centers. People with global dysphasia have extreme difficulty expressing and understanding language.
People with dysphasia may experience difficulties using or comprehending speech. Symptoms depend on the location and severity of brain damage.
Speaking symptoms include:
•struggling to find words (anomia)
•speaking slowly or with great difficulty
•speaking in single words or short fragments
•omitting small words, such as articles and prepositions (telegraphic speech)
Dysphasia often appears suddenly — for instance, following a head injury. When it appears without an obvious cause, it’s usually a sign of another condition, such as a stroke or a brain tumor. If you’re experiencing symptoms of dysphasia, you should make an appointment with your doctor as soon as possible.
Your doctor might suggest some or all of the following tests:
•a physical exam
•a neurological exam
•other tests of abilities such as reflexes, strength, and feeling
•an imaging test, such as an MRI scan
In mild cases of dysphasia, language skills may be recovered without treatment. However, most of the time, speech and language therapy is used to redevelop language skills.
Speech and language therapists focus on helping individuals with dysphasia regain as much language as possible, while also helping them learn how to use compensation techniques and other modes of communication.
Although significant improvements can be made, restoring full communication abilities after brain damage has occurred isn’t always possible. Treatment is most effective when it occurs as soon as possible after the stroke or injury, so speak with your doctor about your symptoms as soon as they occur.
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Dec 31, 2006 · Article PDF Available. Speech Errors: Psycholinguistic Approach. December 2006. DOI: 10.1016/B0-08-044854-2/00797-5. Authors: Trevor A. Harley. University of Dundee. Citations (13) References...
