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the belief that one's own culture or group is superior to others, and the tendency to view all other cultures from the perspective of one's own. material culture. everything that is a part of our constructed, physical environment, including technology. non material culture. values, beliefs, behaviors, and social norms.
Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like 1. Sociology is defined as _ . a. the study of past societies b. the study of individuals and their personalities c. the study of past cultures d. the study of human behavior in society, 2. Sociology is a/n _ discipline, meaning the conclusions are based on systematic observations. a. empirical b. observational c. common sense d ...
the ability to understand how your own past relates to that of other people, as well as to history in general and societal structures in particular. C. Wright Mills created this term. figuration. the process of simultaneously analyzing the behavior of an individual and the society that shapes that behavior.
meritocracy. an ideal system in which personal effort—or merit—determines social standing. open system. a system of stratification, based on achievement, that allows some movement and interaction between layers and classes. primogeniture. a law stating that all property passes to the firstborn son. relative poverty.
4 important principles of social stratification. 1) is a trait of society, not simply a reflection of individual differences, 2) carries over from generation to generation, 3) is universal but variable, 4) involves not just inequality but beliefs as well. social mobility. a change in position within the social hierarchy.
A population of 15 birds inhabits a fairly new island. Ten of the birds are dark brown and five of them are light brown. By chance, two of the dark brown birds and three of the light brown birds die before producing any offspring. All of the birds in the next generation are dark brown.
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sociology, a social science that studies human societies, their interactions, and the processes that preserve and change them. It does this by examining the dynamics of constituent parts of societies such as institutions, communities, populations, and gender, racial, or age groups. Sociology also studies social status or stratification, social ...
