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- Fold changes are used when the change is of more interest than the absolute values. They are often used with microarray data to measure the change in gene expression levels. In this procedure, the fold change is the ratio of two means.
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This chapter addresses another inferential task, known as the test of significance, which also requires explicit considerations of uncertainty. Key concepts, such as the significance level and the p-value, are introduced, but the main message is the close connection between significance testing and interval estimation.
Apr 23, 2022 · Whenever an effect is significant, all values in the confidence interval will be on the same side of zero (either all positive or all negative). Therefore, a significant finding allows the researcher to specify the direction of the effect.
Oct 18, 2024 · The results indicated a statistically significant difference in the mean test scores across the three methods. Post-hoc testing revealed that the difference between A and B, as well as between A and C, were not statistically significant. However, method C resulted in significantly lower scores when compared to B. Summary
Nov 5, 2024 · To determine statistical significance, we use hypothesis testing. This involves setting up two hypotheses: Null hypothesis (H0): There is no relationship between the independent and dependent variables. In other words, the slope (m) is zero. Alternative hypothesis (H1): There is a relationship between the independent and dependent variables.
Apr 23, 2022 · Thus, finding that an effect is statistically significant signifies that the effect is real and not due to chance. Over the years, the meaning of "significant" changed, leading to the potential misinterpretation. There are two approaches (at least) to conducting significance tests.
Jan 1, 2014 · A significance test is a statistical procedure for testing a hypothesis based on experimental or observational data. Let, for example, \(\bar{{X}}_{1}\) and \(\bar{{X}}_{2}\) be the average scores obtained in two groups of randomly selected subjects and let μ 1 and μ 2 denote the corresponding population averages.
