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I Definition and Mathematical Practice. The basic observation structuring this survey is that mathematicians often set finding the “right” / “proper” / “correct” / “natural” definition as a re-search objective, and success - finding “the proper” definition - can be counted as a significant advance in knowledge.
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- e.g.
- Annulus
- Horizontal axis
- 10 11 100 101 110 111 1000 1001 1010 Base 2
- e.g.
- c d is ad – bc.
- Gradient = v
- e.g. 5
- Polyhedron (Plural Polyhedra) A three dimensional shape made up of flat faces
- Positive Rotation
- Pyramid A three dimensional shape whose base is a polygon and whose other
- Sector
- Regular Octagons leave small squares between
- e.g. π (Pi)
- Transversal
- Union
- On a Venn Diagram:
If two circles are concentric, the space between them is called an
www.mathsphere.co.uk Anticlockwise The opposite way to the way the hands on a clock turn. Apex The point directly opposite the base of a two dimensional or three dimensional shape. Apex Apex Base Base Triangle Hexagonal based pyramid
Axis of Symmetry A line through the middle of a shape so that one side of the line is a reflection of the other side: One axis of symmetry
Bisect To cut something in half. In geometry this is normally a line or an angle. www.mathsphere.co.uk Bisector A line that is normally drawn to cut a line or an angle in half. Bisector Line to be bisected. Bisector
Mrs Jones bought 12 Kilos of potatoes today. Centre Another word for 'middle'. The centre of a circle is the point which is the same distance from all points on the circumference. Centre of Rotation A point about which a shape is rotated. The centre of rotation may be on the shape being rotated (perhaps even the centre of the shape) or it may be of...
Diagonal A straight line going across a polygon from one vertex to another.
h Graph A way of showing a relationship on a diagram. The most common types of graph are block graphs, line graphs and pie charts. www.mathsphere.co.uk Grid A sequence of (normally) horizontal and vertical intersecting lines used to draw patterns or graphs. Heptagon A polygon with seven sides. Hexagon A polygon with six sides.
www.mathsphere.co.uk Inscribed circle A circle drawn inside a polygon (normally a triangle) so that it just touches each of the sides of the polygon. In a triangle the centre of this circle is obtained by bisecting each angle and putting the compass point at the place where the three bisectors meet.
only. e.g. Cube, cuboid, tetrahedron, dodecahedron etc are all polyhedra. A sphere is not a polyhedron because its surface is curved.
An anti-clockwise rotation. www.mathsphere.co.uk Power The number of times a quantity is multiplied by itself.
edges meet at a point (apex). Pythagoras' Theorem A theorem that states: In a right angled triangle, the square on the hypotenuse is equal to the sum of the squares on the other two sides. Square B
www.mathsphere.co.uk Segment A part of a circle cut off by a chord. Semicircle Half a circle.
www.mathsphere.co.uk Tetrahedron A polyhedron with four faces, each being a triangle. A regular tetrahedron has equilateral triangles for all its faces. Therefore Shown by the sign , therefore indicates the next logical step in a proof or explanation. e.g. 6p = 18 p = 3 Three Dimensional A three dimensional shape is a shape that has length, ...
Translation The movement of a shape in a straight line. This can be in any direction and any distance.
AA line crossing two (normally parallel) lines. Trapezium A quadrilateral with two parallel sides. www.mathsphere.co.uk Travel Graph A graph with time on the horizontal axis and distance travelled on the vertical axis. Trial and Improvement Method A method used for solving problems where the exact answer is not easy to find straight away. Firs...
The process of joining together two or more sets. e.g. A = {red, green, blue, orange, pink} and B = {yellow, pink, black} A B = {red, green, blue, orange, pink, yellow, black}
The shaded area represents A B Unit (i) The last digit in a whole number. The figure before the decimal point. We talk about the 'units column'. (ii) A standard quantity used for measurement. EG. metre, newton, gram, second. (iii) The number of items that are sold together or packaged together. e.g. 'These light bulbs are sold in units ...
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ls for retention to occur.Summary• Vocabulary is an essentia. element of solving word problems.• In mathematics, what might be thought of as Tie. One words can prove to be tricky. Consider the use of. the words, ‘and’ and ‘or’. When applied to Venn diagrams these words change meaning dramatica.
Place the concept/term in the center and have branches out to other key connected ideas, terms, or concepts, and under each of these list associated words, expressions, or concepts.
Oct 31, 2024 · With 3,000 entries ranging from Achilles paradox to zero matrix, it covers all commonly encountered terms and concepts from pure and applied mathematics and statistics, for example, linear algebra, optimisation, nonlinear equations, and differential equations. In addition, there are entries on major mathematicians and on topics of more general interest, such as fractals, game theory, and chaos.
In Everyday Mathematics, an array is a rectangular array unless specified otherwise. See Section 10.3.2: Multiplication and Division Use Classes and Section 14.4: Area. Associative Property of Addition A property of addition that three numbers can be added in any order without changing the sum. For example, (4 + 3) + 7 = 4 + (3 + 7) because
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A math glossary is a comprehensive list of terms, definitions, and symbols used in mathematics. It serves as a reference for students, teachers, and professionals to quickly look up unfamiliar mathematical concepts and notation. Below are some common mathematical symbols and terms, along with their LaTeX representations and brief explanations.
