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- But when asking what was learned from the Oka Crisis, the answer heavily depends on whom one asks. "There were only losers on the 11th of July," said Geoff Kelley, who served as a longtime Indigenous affairs minister at the provincial level. "No one came out of the Oka Crisis a winner."
montreal.ctvnews.ca/some-30-years-on-what-have-we-learned-from-the-oka-crisis-1.5019222
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- Mohawks Tell Oka Mayor, 'This Is Our Land'
- Occupation of The Pines Begins
- Oka Seeks Injunction to Dismantle Barricade
- Warriors in The Pines
- Mohawks Unite
- Sam Elkas Issues An Ultimatum
- Mohawks Wait Behind Barbed Wire
- Oka Mayor Jean Ouellette Demands Police Action
- Standoff Begins
- Botched Police Raid: Sq Corporal Marcel Lemay Dies
April 1, 1989 Some 300 Kanesatake Mohawks march through Oka to protest against Mayor Jean Ouellette's plan to expand the town's golf course on land Mohawks claim is theirs. "I will occupy this land [if that's] what it takes," vows Grand Chief Clarence Simon, standing in the disputed clearing in the Pines. Ouellette calls on the federal government t...
March 10, 1990 After Oka's municipal council votes to proceed with the golf course expansion project, a small group of Mohawks drag a fishing shack into the Pines and block access to a snow-covered dirt road that runs through the clearing.
April 26, 1990 Mohawks increase surveillance in their protest camp in the disputed pine forest. Oka council responds with an injunction, demanding concrete blocks across a dirt road be removed. "We can't stand by while public roads are blocked," a town spokesperson says. "If I have to die for Mohawk territory, I will," a protester says, adding this...
May 7, 1990 Masked and armed warriors appear in the Pines, sparking fear and anger in the town of Oka. "It's an illegal occupation," says Oka Coun. Gilles Landreville. The Kanesatake protesters deny the presence of the Mohawk Warrior Society.
July 4, 1990 After Oka serves Kanesatake's band council with a second injunction on June 29, supporters and warriors from the neighbouring Mohawk communities of Kahnawake and Akwesasne arrive in the Pines to show their support for the protest camp."We're not going to allow them to take the barricade down," says Mohawk artist and protester Ellen Gab...
July 5, 1990 Public Security Minister Sam Elkas gives the Mohawks four days to dismantle the barricade and the protest camp in the Pines or suffer the consequences. Two months earlier, on May 7, Elkas had vowed he would not send in the police "to play cowboys over the question of a golf course."
July 9, 1990 Another deadline to dismantle the barricade in the Pines passes without police intervention. The clearing looks increasingly like an armed camp: barbed wire goes up, warriors in battle fatigues cover their faces. Federal negotiator Yves Désilets shows up, however, the Mohawks in the camp harden their stance, demanding "nation-to-nation...
July 10, 1990 Oka Mayor Jean Ouellette makes a formal request to the Quebec provincial police, the Sûreté du Québec, to clear the barricade and stop the "criminal acts" in the Pines next to the golf course. "We are counting on you to settle this problem without any further delays or requests on our part," he told police in a letter.
July 11, 1990 Provincial police stage a pre-dawn raid on the Mohawk barricade, releasing tear gas after Mohawks refuse to budge. CBC radio reporter Laurent Lavigne is live on air when he finds himself dodging bullets and coughing up tear gas in this dramatic report. 1. Listen to Laurent Lavigne's live report here.
July 11, 1990 Tear gas blows back at police, and an SQ officer is killed in the exchange of gunfire between the provincial police tactical intervention squad and Mohawk warriors. Police retreat, leaving behind cruisers and a bulldozer, used by Mohawk protesters to barricade Highway 344 through Kanesatake.
Jul 10, 2020 · The Oka Crisis woke up Indigenous peoples across Canada and around the world. It advanced efforts at the United Nations to approve a Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples.
Jul 11, 2020 · The Oka Crisis didn’t unfold over 78 days that summer in 1990. It took centuries. The King of France granted a vast tract of land for Mohawk settlement in 1716. Four years later he handed it to...
Jul 10, 2020 · Thirty years after the proposed expansion of a golf course sparked a 78-day standoff between Quebec Mohawks and Canadian soldiers, the land claims at the heart of the Oka crisis remain...
Jun 30, 2020 · The Oka Crisis taught First Nations communities across Canada that the fastest way to make Canadians pay attention to their issues and come to the negotiating table was to disrupt their daily lives.
nam says in the summer of 1990, canadian soldiers and members of the mohawk nation near oka, quebec engaged in a 78-day standoff over land rights. it was an historic encounter, with ripples well beyond that time. but it did not ultimately resolve the land claim issues.
