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The Immigration Act of 1952 was the first new immigration act since 1910. It was not a significant departure from prior legislation as it largely codified existing practices and established a legislative framework from which the government could enact additional orders and regulations.
The 1952 Immigration and Nationality Act removed the contract labor restriction, introducing employment-based preferences for immigrants with economic potential, skills, and education.
- Cabinet Discussion of Immigration Policy
- Mackenzie King’s Diary and Immigration Policy
- Continuity in Canadian Immigration Policy
- The Diefenbaker Government
- The Pearson Government
- The Trudeau Government
- Recent Developments
In 1946, a Cabinet Committee on Immigration Policy had been established. On January 23, 1947, the Committee submitted to full Cabinet a report, “dealing with Asiatic immigration and the admission of additional classes of immigrants to Canada” (Library and Archives Canada, 2009). The committee noted that the Government of China had complained to the...
But what did the Prime Minister really think about? Thanks to his personal diary, we have an opportunity to examine his own thoughts. The day following the statement, he wrote in his diary (Library and Archives Canada, 2007): The balance and care to state points carefully in the statement suggests that King there was much of Mackenzie King in the f...
The immigration policy that King enunciated on May 1, 1947, apart from the exclusions and limitations based on country of nationality, included most of the fundamental principles of today’s immigration policy. The key elements of the statement were that: 1. Canada has the sovereign right to decide who may come into her territory; 2. Immigration wou...
On January 6, 1960, the Minister of Citizenship and Immigration, Ellen Fairclough, made a presentation to Cabinet in which she indicated that she had prepared a series of recommendations for amendments to the Immigration Act, and she considered two courses of action. The first was to amend the Act, but that “would unleash a storm of controversy bot...
On March 5, 1964, René Tremblay, the newly appointed Minister of Citizenship and Immigration proposed to Cabinet a “reformulation of immigration policy based upon two fundamental requirements: (a) Canada’s economic needs in terms of manpower and population, and (b) the need to overcome discrimination in the sponsorship privileges.” In the meantime,...
It was still recognized that a new Immigration Act was required to replace the outdated 1952 version, but little progress was made until 1973 when, on September 17, Minister of Manpower and Immigration Robert Andras announced in the House, “plans for a comprehensive review of Canada’s immigration policy.” On December 1, 1974, the Deputy Minister of...
The 1976 legislation was amended many times over the years. The most important change was as a result of the 1985 Singh Decision at the Supreme Court of Canada that determined that refugee claimants could not be refused without the opportunity to have an oral hearing. This resulted in Bill C-55 that was introduced in 1987 and became law on January ...
- Robert Vineberg
- rvineberg@shaw.ca
- 2011
Feb 7, 2006 · After substantial consultation, the Liberal government of Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau passed a new Immigration Act, 1976. The Act, which took effect in 1978, was a radical break from the past. It established for the first time in law the main objectives of Canada's immigration policy.
The McCarran-Walter Act reformed some of the obvious discriminatory provisions in immigration law. While the law provided quotas for all nations and ended racial restrictions on citizenship, it expanded immigration enforcement and retained offensive national origins quotas.
There was no sudden change immediately after 1945. Yet, unmistakably, the policy shifted. Progressively, the discriminatory clauses in the Canadian Immigration Bill were altered, then removed. Important dates to chart these changes are 1947, 1952, 1962, 1967 and 1976.
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When did Canada enact the Immigration Act?
1952: A new Immigration Act was passed, less than a month after it was introduced in the House (it came into effect 1 June 1953). This Act, which did not make substantial changes to immigration policy, gave the Minister and officials substantial powers over selection, admission and deportation.
