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Many diabetic cats need insulin injections to regulate their blood glucose, at least initially. There are newer oral medications that may achieve glucose stabilization; however, they currently aren’t recommended for all cats. Cats with diabetes mellitus typically require one or two daily insulin injections as well as a dietary change.
Nov 3, 2023 · The study on bexagliflozin in cats 5 found a significant reduction in insulin requirement and decrease in blood glucose and fructosamine, all with no hypoglycemia. 6 On December 8, 2022, the FDA approved the first oral animal drug to improve glycemic control in cats with diabetes mellitus not previously treated with insulin.
In cases of standard diabetes where the patient is otherwise relatively healthy, cats will generally be started on insulin injections immediately once the diagnosis is made. Because they break down insulin relatively quickly, almost all cats will require injections twice a day (morning and evening, roughly 12 hours apart, at the same times each day).
This type isn’t as common in cats as it is in dogs, but can occur. As the name implies, cats with this type of diabetes require insulin injections to stabilize blood sugar. Type II diabetes mellitus (non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus) is different because some insulin-producing cells remain.
- Risk Factors
- Clinical Signs
- Diagnosis
- Treatment
- Monitoring
- Prognosis and Remission
- Possible Complications
- Monitoring Your Cat at Home
The most important risk factors identified for the development of diabetes in cats include obesity, increasing age, physical inactivity, male gender, and the use of glucocorticoids (steroids) to treat other illnesses such as feline asthma. In some countries, Burmese cats appear to have a higher risk of developing diabetes than other breeds, but thi...
The two most common signs of diabetes noticed by owners at home are weight loss despite a good appetite and increased thirst and urination. Weight loss may be noticed at home or during a routine examination with the veterinarian. In both Type I and Type II diabetes, the cells in the body are unable to absorb glucose from the blood and become starve...
Your veterinarian will diagnose diabetes mellitus by demonstrating persistently elevated glucose levels in a cat’s blood and urine. This testing, along with consistent clinical signs, will lead to the diagnosis of diabetes. A single blood glucose reading in a veterinary clinic may not be sufficient to diagnose diabetes in all cases. Cats can develo...
The main goals of treatment for feline diabetes are: 1. Restoring normal blood glucose concentrations 2. Stopping or controlling weight loss 3. Stopping or minimizing signs of increased thirst and urination 4. Avoiding inappropriately low blood sugar due to treatment (hypoglycemia) These goals are traditionally achieved through a combination of ins...
Close monitoring by both the owner and the veterinarian is an essential part of treatment for a diabetic cat. Regular monitoring will help determine the ideal insulin dose for each cat as well as help avoid complications, such as hypoglycemia or uncontrolled diabetes and diabetic ketoacidosis. Regular assessments of weight, water intake, and appeti...
Though there is no cure for feline diabetes, the prognosis for a good quality of life is good with adequate management at home. With early, aggressive treatment of diabetes, many cats will enter a state of diabetic remission, meaning they are able to maintain normal blood sugar levels without insulin injections. Older cats, cats who have previously...
Insulin therapy and SGLT2 medications lower blood glucose, possibly to dangerously low levels. Signs of low blood sugar (hypoglycemia) include weakness, lethargy, vomiting, lack of coordination, seizures, and coma. Hypoglycemia can be fatal if left untreated, so any diabetic cat that shows any of these signs should be offered its regular food immed...
Monitoring a diabetic cat at home requires careful attention to a few things. Cats with well-controlled diabetes should maintain a normal activity level and demeanor. Owners should also monitor daily water intake, urine production, appetite, body weight, amount of insulin or medication administered, and possibly blood or urine glucose levels. Monit...
Jan 2, 2014 · If a fairly healthy diabetic is in the early stages, the oral medications may be suggested as an alternative to insulin injections along with a dietary change. A large number of cats ½(over 50%) do not respond to this approach, or may take a long time (1-2 months) to respond, but it does provide an option for preliminary management.
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However, remission has been achieved with all of the insulin types listed above and clinicians should become familiar with the usage of more than one type of insulin for feline patients. The starting dose for insulin should not exceed 0.25–0.5 U/kg BID. Regardless of the insulin type, most cats require twice daily administration.
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