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For research with humans to be considered ethical, it is essential that participants provide their free, informed and ongoing consent. Research can begin only after the participants have provided their initial consent, and individuals must have the possibility to withdraw their consent at any point during the research project.
The informed consent process involves three key features: (1) disclosing to potential research subjects information needed to make an informed decision; (2) facilitating the understanding of what has been disclosed; and (3) promoting the voluntariness of the decision about whether or not to participate in the research. Informed consent must be ...
In specific situations it may be necessary to make an exception to the general rule of informed consent for scientific research with an intervention. Earlier reviews only described subsets of arguments for exceptions to waive consent. Here, we ...
GUIDE FOR INFORMED CONSENT. Consent to participate in a research study should be understood as a process rather than an event. Researchers should plan for and articulate the steps by which consent is initially obtained and the steps by which it is reviewed throughout the study.
Obtaining genuine informed consent from research participants is best thought of as a process of sharing information and addressing questions and concerns, rather than simply obtaining a signature on a prescribed form.
Informed consent is the process by which researchers working with human participants describe their research project and obtain the subjects' consent to participate in the research based on the subjects' understanding of the project's methods and goals.
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The consent process should make room for questions, as appropriate to the research context. In most cases, where a written-and-signed approach to consent is used, the information letter and consent form are best presented as one document.
