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On March 22, 2017, 45 years to the day after Congress passed the ERA, Nevada became the 36th state to ratify it. On May 30, 2018, Illinois became the 37th state. And, in a historic vote to become the 38th state to ratify, the state of Virginia voted to ratify the Equal Rights Amendment on January 15, 2020.
- Paths to Ratification
If requested by two-thirds of the state legislatures,...
- History
As supporters of the Equal Rights Amendment lobbied,...
- Donate
The Alice Paul Center for Gender Justice a 501(c)(3)...
- Resources
Media & Publications "A New Era for the ERA," Jewish Women's...
- Toolkit
ERA - Social Media Post - 1923 to 2021. $0.00 ERA Social...
- Why
Not every state in the U.S. has ratified the Equal Rights...
- FAQ
What is the full text of the Equal Rights Amendment? Section...
- In Congress
"Three-State Strategy" Legislation. Current efforts are in...
- Paths to Ratification
Jul 24, 2023 · Until recently, Mississippi also permitted citizen-initiated amendments, but in a 2021 ruling in a case challenging the legitimacy of a recently enacted medical marijuana legalization amendment, the Mississippi Supreme Court rendered that state’s constitutional initiative process unusable until it is revised to accurately reflect the number of congressional districts from which signatures ...
Jan 4, 2022 · Chapter 1: State Constitutions; 1.1: State Constitutional Changes: 2022; 1.2: Themes and Patterns in Amendment Activity in 2021; 1.3: General Information on State Constitutions (As of January 1, 2022) 1.4: Constitutional Amendment Procedure: By the Legislature, Constitutional Provisions
Note: In 2022 in Alabama, voters ratified a recompiled and updated state constitution, the Constitution of Alabama of 2022. In this report, this constitution ratification question is not counted as a constitutional amendment. There are four ways that proposed constitutional amendments can be proposed and put on the ballot in most states:
The Second Way to Ratify a Constitutional Amendment. The second way to ratify an amendment is by state constitutional conventions. States first petition Congress for approval and then call these special conventions into session. It requires 34 states to be on board with holding these conventions for this pathway to proceed.
The U.S. constitutional amendment process. The convention method of ratification described in Article V is an alternate route to considering the pro and con arguments of a particular proposed amendment, as the framers of the Constitution wanted a means of potentially bypassing the state legislatures in the ratification process.
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Apr 23, 2024 · Ratification of Constitutional Amendments Article 5 of the Constitution provides for the amendment of the Constitution by various means (see The Amendments Page for details). However an amendment is proposed, it does not become part of the Constitution unless it is ratified by three-quarters of the states (either the legislatures thereof, or in amendment conventions). […]
