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- Weight, or W, is a product of mass or M and gravity or G, which leads to the following equation: W = M & G. In addition, mass and volume -- V -- are related by density or D, which measures the mass of a substance per unit volume via the following equation: D = M/V.
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Defintion: Weight. The gravitational force on a mass is its weight. We can write this in vector form, where →w is weight and m is mass, as. →w = m→g. In scalar form, we can write. w = mg. Since g = 9.80 m/s 2 on Earth, the weight of a 1.00-kg object on Earth is 9.80 N: w = mg = (1.00 kg)(9.80m / s2) = 9.80N.
We use the preceding definition of weight, force w → w → due to gravity acting on an object of mass m, and we make careful distinctions between free fall and actual weightlessness. Be aware that weight and mass are different physical quantities, although they are closely related.
The weight of an object is the force of gravity on the object and may be defined as the mass times the acceleration of gravity, w = mg. Since the weight is a force, its SI unit is the newton. Density is mass/volume. Index
weight = mass × gravity. Weight, like other forces, is measured in newtons. When one measures the weight of an object in an elevator, one is required to look at weight as the measure of the sum or difference of the acceleration of gravity and of the surface the object is resting on.
- The Difference Between Mass and Weight
- Units of Mass and Weight
- Mass vs Weight Activities
- References
There are several differences between mass and weight. Mass is an intrinsic property of matter. It doesn’t change depending on where you measure it. It is a scalar value, which means it has magnitude, but no direction associated with it. The mass of an object is never zero. You measure mass with an ordinary balance on Earth or an inertial balance i...
We measure weight in grams, kilograms, ounces, and pounds. Technically, grams (g) and kilograms (kg) are units of mass. The SI unit of force is the Newton (N), with a 1 kg mass having a force of 9.8 N on Earth. The US unit of force is the pound (lb), while the unit of mass is something called a slug. A pound is the force required to move a 1 slug m...
Weight in an Elevator
One simple activity to see the difference between mass and weight is weighing yourself in an elevator. A digital scale works best because it’s easier to see the change in weight as the elevator ascends (increasing acceleration, which adds to gravity) and descends (negative acceleration, which decreases the effect of gravity). For a classroom activity, first have students weigh themselves (or an object) on a scale and discuss whether the value they obtain is mass, weight, or whether it matters...
Measuring Weight With Rubber Bands
You can compare the weights of objects by hanging them from rubber bands. On Earth, gravity affects a heavier object more than a lighter one and stretches the rubber band further. Predict what will happen when heavy and light objects are suspended from rubber bands on the ISS. What shape will the rubber band take? Do you expect there to be a difference between the way the rubber band responds to a heavy object compared to a light object?
Mass Cars
The easiest way to explore mass on Earth is to conduct experiments that move horizontally rather than vertically. This is because objects can’t change their position from the effect of gravity. Build a “mass car” and use an air pump to accelerate the mass across rollers or a low-friction track. Change the mass of the car, make a prediction about how this will change how far the car rolls, and perform an experimentto test the hypothesis. You can graph the distance the car moves compared to its...
Galili, Igal (2001). “Weight versus Gravitational Force: Historical and Educational Perspectives.” International Journal of Science Education. 23(1): 1073-1093.Gat, Uri. (1988). “The Weight of Mass and the Mess of Weight.” Standardization of Technical Terminology: Principles and Practice. ASTM. 2: 45-48.Hodgman, Charles D., editor. (1961). Handbook of Chemistry and Physics(44th ed.). Chemical Rubber Co. 3480-3485.Knight, Randall Dewey (2004). Physics for Scientists and Engineers: a Strategic Approach. Pearson.Mass is the amount of matter in an object, weight is the gravitational force on that mass. Weight acts at the centre of mass, which may be inside or outside the object.
Mass and weight are often used interchangeably in everyday conversation. For example, our medical records often show our weight in kilograms but never in the correct units of newtons. In physics, however, there is an important distinction.
