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  1. Today there are few more controversial topics in the study of American history and government than the issue of slavery and the Constitution. On the surface, the Constitution seemed to protect slavery in the states, prohibited Congress from banning the slave trade for twenty years, and required that fugitive slaves, even in the North, be returned to their masters.

  2. The Emancipation Proclamation and Thirteenth Amendment brought about by the Civil War were important milestones in the long process of ending legal slavery in the United States. This essay describes the development of those documents through various drafts by Lincoln and others and shows both the evolution of Abraham Lincoln’s thinking and his efforts to operate within the constitutional ...

  3. Despite fervent disagreement over the issue of slavery at the Convention, the Constitution’s original text did not specifically refer to slavery. For example, the so-called Fugitive Slave Clause did not employ the term slave but instead granted the owner of a person held to service or labor the right to seize and repossess him in ano the r state, regardless of that state’s laws. 3 Footnote

  4. The Constitution was ratified in 1788 and became the law of the land. The Constitution did not end slavery, which continued to grow and spread in the South at the same time it receded in the North. However, the Constitution did not protect a property in man, nor did it provide for national validation of the institution.

  5. Congress abolished slavery in the territories in the Abolition of Slavery Act (Territories), 37 Cong. ch. 1 1 1, 1 2 Stat. 432 (1 862). The Proclamation did not apply to slaves that resided in loyal states that had not seceded from the Union. 1 7 Footnote Sources cited supra notes 1 5– 1 6.

  6. Unless regulation of the slave trade was left to the states, the southern-most states "shall not be parties to the union." A Virginia delegate, George Mason, who owned hundreds of slaves, spoke out against slavery in ringing terms. "Slavery," he said, "discourages arts and manufactures. The poor despise labor when performed by slaves."

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  8. May 10, 2022 · Passed by Congress on January 31, 1865, and ratified on December 6, 1865, the 13th Amendment abolished slavery in the United States. In 1863 President Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation declaring “all persons held as slaves within any State, or designated part of a State, the people whereof shall then be in rebellion against the United States, shall be then, thenceforward, and ...

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