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The Muscles of the Heart •The heart has specific muscles that cause the heart to contract and open and close the heart values. Some of these muscles are: •Trabeculae Carneae –Irregular muscles of the ventricles •Chordae Tendineae –Small cords that connect the heart values to the papillary muscles
Handout: Cardiovascular System (Grades 6 to 8)
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Oct 30, 2023 · Test your ability to correctly identify structures. Challenge your ability to connect anatomy with clinical practice. Let you see a structure from multiple perspectives, for extra clarity. You can start learning the anatomy of the heart with the following quiz.
- OUTLINE
- OBJECTIVES
- KEY TERMS
- Introduction
- The Heart
- Structures of the Heart
- cor-
- Chordae tendineae
- Location
- Action
- Conduction System
- Functions of the Heart
- The Blood Vessels and Circulation
- Blood Vessels
- Vessel Wall
- Actions
- Blood Circulation
- The Arteries
- Branch
- Main Regions or Organs Supplied
- Summary
- CRITICAL THINKING
- Multiple Choice
Introduction The Heart Structures of the Heart Conduction System Functions of the Heart The Blood Vessels and Circulation Blood Vessels Blood Pressure Blood Circulation Summary Critical Thinking Websites Review Questions
After reading this chapter, readers should be able to: Describe the organization of the cardiovascular system and the heart. Identify the layers of the heart wall. Describe the general features of the heart. Answer the question of why the left ventricle is more muscular than the right ventricle. Describe the components and functions of the conducti...
Aorta: The largest artery in the body, the aorta originates from the left ventricle of the heart and extends down to the abdomen, where it branches off. Aortic arch: The second section of the aorta; it branches into the brachiocephalic trunk, left common carotid artery, and left subclavian artery. Aortic valve: Located at the base of the aorta, the...
The human heart pumps blood through the arteries, which connect to smaller arterioles and then even smaller capil-laries. It is here that nutrients, electrolytes, dissolved gases, and waste products are exchanged between the blood and surrounding tissues. The capillaries are thin-walled vessels interconnected with the smallest arteries and smallest...
The human heart is a muscular organ containing four cham-bers that is situated just to the left of the midline of the tho-racic cavity. It is approximately the size of a man’s closed fist. The upper two chambers (atria) are divided by a wall- like structure called the interatrial septum. The lower two chambers (ventricles) are divided by a similar ...
The heart lies inside the thoracic cavity, resting on the dia-phragm. It is hollow and cone-shaped, varying in size. The heart is within the mediastinum in between the lungs. Its posterior border is near the vertebral column, and its ante-rior border is near the sternum. Superior vena cava (from Right An average adult has a heart that is about 14 c...
Left atrium cava as well as a smaller vein (the onary sinus), which drains blood into the right atrium from the heart’s myo-cardium. The tricuspid valve has pro-jections (cusps) and lies between the right atrium and ventricle. This valve allows blood to move from the right Interventricular atrium into the right ventricle while septum preventing bac...
Aorta Left pulmonary arteries Left pulmonary veins Left atrium Left atrio-ventricular (tricuspid) valve
Between right atrium and right ventricle Pulmonary valve At entrance to pulmonary trunk Mitral (bicuspid) valve Between left atrium and left ventricle Aortic valve At entrance to aorta
During ventricular contraction, it prevents blood from moving from right ventricle into right atrium. During ventricular relaxation, it prevents blood from moving from pulmonary trunk into right ventricle. During ventricular contraction, it prevents blood from moving from left ventricle into left atrium. During ventricular relaxation, it prevents b...
Strands and clumps of specialized cardiac muscle contain only a few myofibrils and are located throughout the heart. These areas initiate and distribute impulses through the myo-cardium, comprising the cardiac conduction system that coordinates the cardiac cycle (see Figure 5–4). The sinoa-trial node (SA node) is a small mass of specialized tissue ...
The heart chambers are coordinated so that their actions are effective. The atria contract (atrial systole) as the ventricles relax (ventricular diastole). Likewise, ventricles contract (ventricular systole) as atria relax (atrial diastole). Then a brief period of relaxation of both atria and ventricles occurs. This complete series of events makes ...
The blood vessels of the human body carry blood to every type of tissue and organ. Vessels decrease in size as they move away from the heart (arteries and arterioles), ending in the capillaries, and then increase in size as they move toward the heart (venules and veins). The largest artery in the body is the aorta, with the largest veins being the ...
There are five general classes of blood vessels in the cardio-vascular system: arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules, and veins (see Figure 5–5). Arteries are elastic vessels that are very strong, able to carry blood away from the heart under high pressure. They subdivide into thinner tubes that give rise to branched, finer arterioles. An arte...
Three-layer thick wall (endothelial lining, middle smooth muscle and elastic connective tissue layer, and outer connective tissue layer) Three-layer thinner wall (smaller arterioles have an endothelial lining, some smooth muscle tissue, and a small amount of connective tissue) One layer of squamous epithelium Thinner wall than arterioles, with less...
Carries relatively high-pressure blood from the heart to the arterioles Helps control blood flow from arteries to capillaries by vasoconstriction or vasodilation Has a membrane allowing nutrients, gases, and wastes to be exchanged between blood and tissue fluid Connects capillaries to veins Carries relatively low-pressure blood from venules to the ...
Blood enters the pulmonary circuit from the right ventricle through the pulmonary trunk, which extends upward poste-riorly from the heart. It divides into right and left pulmonary Direction of blood flow Total cross-sectional area of vessels Blood pressure Velocity of blood Arteries Capillaries Veins Arterioles Venules Figure 5–8 Blood pressure in ...
The largest-diameter artery in the body is the aorta, extend-ing upward from the left ventricle to arch over the heart to the left, descending anterior and to the left of the vertebral column. The first portion of the aorta is called the ascending aorta. It begins at the aortic valve of the left ventricle. The left and right coronary arteries origi...
Right and left coronary arteries Brachiocephalic artery Left common carotid artery Left subclavian artery Descending aorta: Bronchial artery Pericardial artery Esophageal artery Mediastinal artery Posterior intercostal artery Descending aorta: Celiac artery Phrenic artery Superior mesenteric artery Suprarenal artery Renal artery Gonadal artery Infe...
Heart Right upper limb and right side of head Left side of head Left upper limb Thoracic aorta Bronchi Pericardium Esophagus Mediastinum Thoracic wall Abdominal aorta Upper digestive tract organs Diaphragm Small and large intestines Adrenal gland Kidney Ovaries or testes Lower large intestine Abdominal wall (posterior) Sacrum and coccyx Lower abdom...
The cardiovascular system consists of the heart and blood vessels. It provides oxygen and nutrients to tissues while removing wastes. The heart is located within the mediasti-num, resting on the diaphragm. The wall of the heart has three layers: the epicardium, myocardium, and endocardium. The heart is divided into two atria and two ventricles. Blo...
Two phlebotomists were studying together to take the National Certification Exam. One of them was question-ing the other about the anatomy and physiology of the heart and circulatory system. The questions that follow were what he asked. How many veins return blood to the right atrium? Name these veins. Where in the heart are the Purkinje fibers loc...
Blood leaving the left ventricle enters the pulmonary trunk pulmonary artery inferior vena cava aorta The right ventricle pumps blood to the systemic circuit lungs left atrium right atrium The visceral pericardium is the same as the epicardium endocardium myocardium parietal pericardium The mitral valve is located between the right atrium and right...
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1. Review the anatomy of the heart. Remind students the heart has 2 sides (right and left), 4 chambers, and 4 valves. Use the illustrations (PDF and Flash) in the Watch section of the Project Heart website. 2. Study the conduction system. Discuss how the heart is run by electricity generated in the SA node (the heart’s natural pacemaker).
Nov 3, 2023 · The heart holds a special position in anatomical sciences. For instance, you can live without your spleen or with only one kidney, you can even regrow your liver–but you cannot live without a heart. This page will introduce you to the anatomy of the heart.
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Welcome to Module 1: Anatomy and Physiology of the Heart. This self leaning package is designed to as tool to assist nurse in understanding the hearts structure and how the heart works. The goal of this module is to review: Location , size and shape of the heart. The chambers of the heart.
