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- It turns the atoms into ions (electrically charged atoms with either too few or too many electrons). Then it separates the ions by passing them first through an electric field, then through a magnetic field, so they fan out into a spectrum.
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Aug 29, 2023 · Most of the ions passing through the mass spectrometer will have a charge of 1+, so that the mass/charge ratio will be the same as the mass of the ion. Assuming 1+ ions, stream A has the lightest ions, stream B the next lightest and stream C the heaviest.
- Introductory Mass Spectrometry
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- Fragmentation Patterns in Mass Spectra
The ion, X +, will travel through the mass spectrometer just...
- 20.3: Mass Spectrometers
A mass spectrometer has four essential elements: a means for...
- Mass Spectrometry
Since a mass spectrometer separates and detects ions of...
- Introductory Mass Spectrometry
A mass spectrometer can measure the mass of a molecule only after it converts the molecule to a gas-phase ion. To do so, it imparts an electrical charge to molecules and converts the resultant flux of electrically charged ions into a proportional electrical current that a data system then reads.
- Ionization
- Ionization Sources
- Summary
Ionization method refers to the mechanism of ionization while the ionization source is the mechanical device that allows ionization to occur. The different ionization methods, summarized here, work by either ionizing a neutral molecule through electron ejection, electron capture, protonation, cationization, or deprotonation, or by transferring a ch...
Prior to the 1980s, electron ionization (EI) was the primary ionization source for mass analysis. However, EI limited chemists and biochemists to small molecules well below the mass range of common bio-organic compounds. This limitation motivated scientists such as John B. Fenn, Koichi Tanaka, Franz Hillenkamp, Michael Karas, Graham Cooks, and Mich...
The mass spectrometer as a whole can be separated into distinct sections that include the sample inlet, ion source, mass analyzer, and detector. A sample is introduced into the mass spectrometer and is then ionized. The ion source produces ions either by electron ejection, electron capture, cationization, deprotonation or the transfer of a charged ...
Oct 24, 2022 · A mass spectrometer has four essential elements: a means for introducing the sample to the instrument, a means for generating a mixture of ions, a means for separating the ions, and a means for counting the ions. In Chapter 20.2 we introduced some of the most important ways to generate ions.
Jan 30, 2023 · Since a mass spectrometer separates and detects ions of slightly different masses, it easily distinguishes different isotopes of a given element. This is manifested most dramatically for compounds containing bromine and chlorine, as illustrated by the following examples.
- C 6 H 12
- 84.0939
The ion source is the part of the mass spectrometer that ionizes the material under analysis (the analyte). The ions are then transported by magnetic or electric fields to the mass analyzer. Techniques for ionization have been key to determining what types of samples can be analyzed by mass spectrometry.
Stage 1: Ionisation. The atom or molecule is ionised by knocking one or more electrons off to give a positive ion. This is true even for things which you would normally expect to form negative ions (chlorine, for example) or never form ions at all (argon, for example). Most mass spectrometers work with positive ions.
