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Musical score with composer, republished Include the composer in the author element of the reference and specify the type of score in square brackets (e.g., "[Musical score]," "[Piano score]," "[Vocal score], "[Study score]").
- Guide Overview
- Citing Sheet Music
- Citing Sheet Music from An Edited Collection Or Anthology
- Citing Sheet Music from A Collection, Single Author
- Citing Sheet Music from A Website
- Reference List Entry Structure & Example
Reference list entry structure & examples: Composer Last Name, First Initial. (Composer). (Year published). Title of sheet music[Description of music]. Publisher name. (Original work published YEAR if applicable) Beethoven, L. (Composer). (2002). Fur Elise[Sheet music]. Random House. (Original work published 1810) Geiss, T. (Composer). (1992). Elmo...
Sheet music can be part of a collection or anthology. In these cases, you format the citation like a chapter from a book or anthology (see below). Reference list entry structure & example: Composer Last Name, First Initial. (Year published). Title of sheet music [Description of music]. In Editor First Initial. Last Name (Ed.), Collection Name. Publ...
If the sheet music is from a book or collection with multiple songs by a single author (or group of authors), cite it like you would a book. In your in-text citation, you may specifically mention the song and page number you’re discussing. Reference list entry structure & example: Composer Last Name, First Initial. (Year published). Title of Collec...
If the sheet music was accessed or downloaded from a website, you can use the same citation structures as above, but add the webpage URL at the end of the reference list entry but before the date originally published.
Composer Last Name, First Initial. (Composer). (Year published). Title of sheet music[Description of music]. Publisher name. URL (Original work published YEAR if applicable) Ravel, M. (Composer). (n.d.). Bolero[Sheet music]. Red Balloon Technology Ltd. https://www.8notes.com/scores/19208.asp (Original work published 1928) In-text citation structure...
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The references section begins on a new page and provides a complete list of reference entries, alphabetized by the first letter of each reference, for all of the works cited in the paper. The label “References” is placed at the top of the page, bold, and centred.
General Format. In-Text Citations: The Basics. In-Text Citations: Author/Authors. Footnotes and Endnotes. Reference List: Basic Rules. Reference List: Author/Authors. Reference List: Articles in Periodicals. Reference List: Books. Reference List: Other Print Sources.
Guides — Citations — Specific Types of Sources — Music — APA for music. Citing Music in APA Style. For more help with APA Style, see our APA Style Quick Guide. Published Music Score (Print) Note: No example is given for a music score in the APA Manual (7th ed.). Cite as a book.
APA 7th Edition (2020): Citations & Reference List. This handout summarizes key concepts you'll need to know when using APA Style for citations. For more detailed instructions and a greater variety of examples and scenarios, we recommend referring to the APA Publication Manual (2019) in book format or online (apastyle.apa.org), or the Purdue ...
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Cite only original content from social media. If you used social media to discover a source (e.g. a link to a webpage), cite the original source of the information. Include up to the first 20 words of the post, including hashtags, links, and emojis. Do not alter spelling or capitalization.
