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Key Points. Music therapy is used as a treatment for the improvement of cognitive function in people with dementia. The intervention based on listening to music presents the greatest effect on patients with dementia followed by singing. Music therapy improved the quality of life of people with dementia.
- Music Therapy in the Treatment of Dementia: A Review Article
Many scientists believe in the advantages of music for the...
- Impacts of Music Intervention on Dementia: A Review Using ...
Combination of music with pharmacological methods: One study...
- Music Therapy in the Treatment of Dementia: A Review Article
Many scientists believe in the advantages of music for the brain. The brain is affected by music function and enhances some cognitive abilities, including the mechanism of speech, alteration, memory, and learning. Music can activate the limbic system, subcortical circuits, and emotionally related systems, inducing the sensation of well-being.
Oct 16, 2024 · These changes are important because they show how music affects movement, emotions and memory recall. Studies have also shown that during and after listening to music, people with dementia experienced less agitation, aggression and anxiety, and their general mood was improved. They even needed less medication when they had regular music sessions.
Combination of music with pharmacological methods: One study pointed out that applying non-pharmacological treatments like music intervention or therapy and pharmacological treatment could mitigate symptoms of anxiety and depression in people with mild dementia, while it is unclear that observing all the changes in individual situations was only due to the addition of music to their treatment ...
- Study Selection
- Study Characteristics
- Intervention Characteristics
- Outcome Characteristics
- Risk of Bias
- Results of Individual Studies
The flowchart of the study selection process is presented in Fig. 1. The literature search identified a total of 144 records. After the exclusion of duplicate records and non-relevant abstracts, 57 studies were retained. After reviewing the full text, 49 studies were excluded according to our inclusion and exclusion criteria. In the end, a total of...
Characteristics of included studies are presented in Table 1. The final sample was composed of 8 RCTs, 4 studies were conducted in Europe (2 in France, 2 in Spain), 3 studies in Asia (2 in China, 1 in Japan), and one in the USA. All these studies were published in the English language in peer-reviewed journals. Included trials showed a total of 689...
Music therapy approach
Music therapy methods were heterogeneous across the included studies. In one study, the active music therapy approach used was singing with the played songs . Two other studies used the receptive (passive) music therapy approach which consists in listening to music and songs played on a CD player [31, 35]. The remaining five studies were based on a combination of both active and receptive music approaches [26, 29, 30, 34, 36].
Comparators
In four studies, music therapy intervention was compared to standard care [29, 30, 34,35,36], while in the four remaining studies, different interventions other than music therapy were used as comparators such as: watching nature videos , painting , cooking , and practicing meditation .
Application of the intervention
Only three trials were conducted by a music therapist [29, 34, 36], 1 trial was conducted by a professional choir conductor , 1 by musicians and the 3 remaining trials were conducted with facilitators with no musical expertise [26, 31, 35].
The included studies assessed different outcomes, but we focused on domains directly related to outcome inclusion criteria: global cognition, memory, language, speed of information processing, verbal fluency, and attention. All cognitive outcomes and measurement tools used across studies are listed in Table 1.
The quality of trials was assessed by Jadad scales . Studies with scores ≥ 3 were classified as high-quality studies and those of ≤ 2 were classified as “low-quality” studies. [26, 29,30,31, 33, 36] studies were considered high-quality studies while [34, 35] studies were considered of low-quality. Blinding of participants was not possible due to th...
Sakamoto et al. studied the effect of music intervention (active and passive) on patients with severe dementia. Results showed that there is a short-term improvement in emotional state assessed by the facial scale which is a tool commonly used by psychologists and healthcare professionals to assess and code facial expressions, both positive and ne...
Jan 1, 2020 · In active music therapy, the nonverbal interpersonal processes that take place between the patient and the music therapist allow persons with dementia to organize and regulate their emotions and behavior through the nonverbal relationship with the music therapist (Raglio et al., 2010a, Raglio et al., 2010b, Raglio et al., 2008, Raglio and Gianelli, 2013).
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Sep 25, 2020 · Dementia is an increasingly common syndrome and while pharmacotherapy is available, its potential benefit is limited, especially in non-cognitive outcomes. Non-pharmacotherapy such as music therapy is potentially associated with improved outcomes. We assessed the effects of music therapy on patients with dementia to evaluate its potential benefits on dementia. Two independent reviewers ...
