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Pioneer Venus Orbiter. The Pioneer Venus Orbiter, also known as Pioneer Venus 1 or Pioneer 12, was a mission to Venus conducted by NASA as part of the Pioneer Venus project. Launched in May 1978 atop an Atlas-Centaur rocket, the spacecraft was inserted into an elliptical orbit around Venus on December 4, 1978.
NASA's Pioneer Venus 1 was the first U.S. spacecraft to orbit Venus. It was the orbiter in a two-spacecraft orbiter-probe combination designed to study the atmosphere and surface of Venus. A second spacecraft carrying the probe was launched a few months later. Pioneer Venus 1 successfully operated for 14 years, though the mission was planned to ...
- United States of America (USA)
- Pioneer Venus Orbiter
- Venus Orbit
- 1,283 pounds (582 kilograms)
May 18, 2010 · The Venus Orbiter, the twelfth of the Pioneer missions, was designed to last eight months, but extended its mission in excess of fourteen years. On October 8, 1992, the Orbiter entered the Venusian atmosphere after it ran out of fuel, and was destroyed upon atmospheric entry.
There have been 46 space missions to the planet Venus (including gravity-assist flybys). Missions to Venus constitute part of the exploration of Venus. The Soviet Union, followed by the United States, have soft landed probes on the surface. Venera 7 was the first lander overall and first for the Soviet Union, touching down on 15 December 1970.
SpacecraftLaunch Date [7]OperatorMission10 February 2020Gravity assist20 October 2018Gravity assist12 August 2018NASA United StatesGravity assist20 May 2010UNISEC JapanFlybyDec 10, 2018 · On Dec. 4, Pioneer Venus Orbiter entered an elliptical orbit around the planet to begin its mission expected to last one Venusian “day”, or about 243 Earth days. Five days later, the Large Probe made its entry into Venus’ atmosphere on the planet’s day side near the equator, returning data until impact with the surface.
The Pioneer Venus project was part of the Pioneer program consisting of two spacecraft, the Pioneer Venus Orbiter and the Pioneer Venus Multiprobe, launched to Venus in 1978. [1] The program was managed by NASA 's Ames Research Center. The Pioneer Venus Orbiter entered orbit around Venus on December 4, 1978, and performed observations to ...
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The Pioneer Venus mission consisted of two components, launched separately: an Orbiter and a Multiprobe. The Pioneer Venus Orbiter was launched on May 20, 1978, and inserted into an elliptical orbit around Venus on December 4, 1978. The Orbiter was a flat cylinder 2.5 m in diameter and 1.2 m high. The Pioneer Venus Multiprobe launched on August ...
