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- Offices or public buildings for use by more than six persons shall have one drinking fountain for the first 150 persons and one additional fountain for each 300 persons thereafter. 13 There shall be a minimum of one drinking fountain per occupied floor in schools, theaters, auditoriums, dormitories, offices, or public buildings.
www.cde.ca.gov/ls/fa/sf/toiletrequire.aspK-12 Toilet Requirement Summary - School Facility Design (CA ...
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4 days ago · Offices or public buildings for use by more than six persons shall have one drinking fountain for the first 150 persons and one additional fountain for each 300 persons thereafter.
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- Abstract
- Introduction
- Methods
- Results
- Discussion
- Acknowledgments
- Author Information
- References
- Tables
Introduction Recent legislation requires public and charter schools in California to test drinking water for lead. Our objective was to describe 1) results from this testing program in the context of other available water safety data and 2) factors related to schools and water utilities associated with access to safe drinking water in schools. Meth...
Consumption of safe drinking water is essential to health (1); however, concern that available water is unsafe discourages consumption (2). Universal access to safe drinking water remains an unmet goal. Ingesting contaminated water can negatively affect health by increasing cancer risk and impairing cognitive development (3). Because most deleterio...
Setting and participants
We used data from a 2016–2018 cross-sectional parent study that our team completed of access to drinking water in schools and quality practices and policies (6,7). We conducted telephone interviews with school principals or other school staff members who were knowledgeable about drinking water access and quality-related policies and practices. Our study consisted of 240 California public and charter schools, stratified by school type and urban-centric geography, and randomly selected from 10,...
Study outcomes
Drinking water system noncompliance.The first outcome examined was whether a school had a history of water system noncompliance or violation of a water system standard. Compliance data were sourced for each school from SWRCB’s Exceedance/Compliance Status of Public Water Systems database (14). Each water system has a public water system identification number, a unique alphanumeric indicator assigned to all water systems in the state. “Out of compliance” indicated that the water system was in...
Covariates
Covariates were school and student demographic characteristics obtained from the California Department of Education DataQuest database (18). Specific covariates included 1) percentage of students eligible for free and reduced-price meals, which is a proxy for household income; 2) percentage of students from racial/ethnic minority backgrounds (Latino, African American, Asian, American Indian, Pacific Islander, or multiracial); 3) geographic setting of the school identified as city, suburb, rur...
Study sample characteristics. Study schools had a larger student enrollment and a greater proportion of students identified as White than California schools overall (Table 1). The proportion of students who received free and reduced-price meals or who were identified as Latino or African American was not significantly different between study school...
Our study is one of the first in-depth examinations of a US state’s drinking water quality and testing in public schools (11) and is the first study to look at overall water quality in schools that includes both data on compliance with water system health standards and school lead-testing program uptake and results. We found that schools serving a ...
This research was supported by the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation through its Healthy Eating Research Program (Grant 75034). Special thanks to Harshini Gorijala and Savina Bivolcic for their role in data processing. The authors have no financial relationships or conflicts of interest to disclose. No copyrighted materials or tools were used in this ...
Corresponding Author: Anisha I. Patel, MD, MSPH, MSHS, Associate Professor of Pediatrics, Stanford University. Medical School Office Building, 1265 Welch Rd, Ext 240, Stanford, CA 94305. Telephone: (650) 497-1181. Email: anipatel@stanford.edu. Author Affiliations: 1Stanford University, Stanford, California. 2Nutrition Policy Institute, University o...
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Water and healthier drinks: water and nutrition. Drinking water; 2016. https://www.cdc.gov/healthywater/drinking/nutrition/index.html. Accessed February...Patel AI, Bogart LM, Klein DJ, Burt Cowgill , Uyeda KE, Hawes-Dawson J, et al. Middle school student attitudes about school drinking fountains and water intake. Acad Pediatr 2014;14(5):471–7. Cross...US Environmental Protection Agency. National primary drinking water regulations. https://www.epa.gov/ground-water-and-drinking-water/national-primary-drinking-water-regulations. Published November...Hofferth SL, Sandberg JF. How American children spend their time. J Marriage Fam 2004;63(2):295–308. CrossRefexternal icona The 10,481 eligible schools were California public and charter schools, stratified by school type and urban-centric geography. We excluded schools with a nonstandard grade configuration, such as kindergarten to 12th grade, special education schools, vocational schools, and alternative schools (6,13). Percentages do not total 100 because some fami...
- Isioma L. Umunna, Lauren S. Blacker, Christina E. Hecht, Marc A. Edwards, Emily A. Altman, Anisha I....
- 2020
Drinking Water for Students in Schools. Provides background, health implications, policy guidance, best practices, and funding opportunities regarding the requirement for school districts to provide access to free, potable drinking water during meal times.
Mar 8, 2023 · drinking water. A 2020 analysis by the California Public Interest Research Group (CALPIRG) Education Fund of more than 2,100 drinking fountains found that 1,300 California schools tested positive for lead during the prior three years, with the health problem encompassing more than half (53 percent) of the state’s school districts.
Aug 19, 2020 · According to the latest publicly available data, 53 percent of reporting school districts tested positive for lead — totaling more than 2,100 drinking water fountains at 1,300 schools across the state, in urban, suburban and rural areas alike.
Dec 31, 2020 · School locations where drinking water was sampled for lead testing, by percentage of school area served.
Regulations) requirement for the number of drinking fountains in schools is one (1) fixture per 150 persons. Failure to meet this requirement is considered impaired access to drinking water. · LEAs that do not have any American Disabilities Act (ADA) compliant fixtures located at a given school are considered to have impaired access to ...
