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Only two spacecraft have ever visited Mercury, and a third is on the way. It actually takes more energy for a spacecraft to reach Mercury than Pluto. Mercury is the fastest-orbiting planet in our solar system — it blazes around the Sun at 48 kilometers per second (30 miles per second).
Nov 9, 2017 · Venus: Exploration. Dozens of spacecraft have launched to explore Venus, but not all have been successful. NASA's Mariner 2 was the first spacecraft to visit any planet beyond Earth when it flew past Venus on Dec. 14, 1962. NASA is planning two new missions to Venus: VERITAS, and DAVINCI. All NASA Science Missions.
There have been 46 space missions to the planet Venus (including gravity-assist flybys). Missions to Venus constitute part of the exploration of Venus. The Soviet Union, followed by the United States, have soft landed probes on the surface. Venera 7 was the first lander overall and first for the Soviet Union, touching down on 15 December 1970.
SpacecraftLaunch Date [7]OperatorMission10 February 2020Gravity assist20 October 2018Gravity assist12 August 2018NASA United StatesGravity assist20 May 2010UNISEC JapanFlyby- Mariner 2 — first successful Venus flyby (1962) Mariner 2 was the first successful mission not only to Venus, but to any other planet. It made a flyby of Venus on Dec.
- Venera 4 — atmosphere probe (1967) Venera 4 was a Soviet Union spacecraft that was the first to successfully transmit information from the atmosphere of Venus.
- Mariner 5 — flyby (1967) Mariner 5 was a NASA spacecraft that made its closest approach to Venus on Oct. 19, 1967. The spacecraft measured magnetic fields on Venus and in interplanetary space, and it examined charged particles, plasma (superheated gas), ultraviolet emissions and the amount by which radio waves are refracted in the atmosphere of Venus.
- Veneras 5 and 6 — atmosphere probes (1969) The Soviet Union's Venera 5 and 6 spacecraft were identical twin machines that each did successful flybys of Venus in 1969.
The first spacecraft to visit Mercury was NASA's Mariner 10, which imaged about 45% of the surface. NASA's MESSENGER spacecraft flew by Mercury three times and orbited the planet for four years before crashing on its surface at the end of its mission. The European Space Agency and JAXA launched a joint mission to Mercury in 2018.
The first probe to visit Mercury was Mariner 10. View of Mercury from Mariner 10 in March 1975. The exploration of Mercury has a minor role in the space interests of the world. It is the least explored inner planet. [1] As of 2015, the Mariner 10 and MESSENGER missions have been the only missions that have made close observations of Mercury.
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Nov 5, 2018 · The spacecraft returned 500 more images of Mercury. And on March 16, 1975, Mariner 10, nearly out of attitude control gas, made its final visit to Mercury, this time at a close range of 327 km, passing over the planet’s north pole. The spacecraft returned some of the most detailed images and additional data on the planet’s magnetic field.
