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The primary goal of the Mariner 10 was to study the atmosphere (if any), surface and physical characteristics of Mercury. Soon after leaving Earth orbit, the spacecraft returned striking photos of both Earth and the Moon as it sped to its first destination, Venus. The Earth-Moon system, as seen by NASA’s Mariner 10 spacecraft in 1973.
- United States of America (USA)
- Mariner-73J / Mariner-J
- Mercury Flyby, Venus Flyby
- 1,100 pounds (502.9 kilograms)
Mariner 10 was an American robotic space probe launched by NASA on 3 November 1973, to fly by the planets Mercury and Venus. It was the first spacecraft to perform flybys of multiple planets. [3] Mariner 10 was launched approximately two years after Mariner 9 and was the last spacecraft in the Mariner program.
The 10 Mariners visited Venus, Mars and Mercury for the first time, and later returned to Venus and Mars for a closer look. The final mission in the series, Mariner 10, flew past Venus before going on to Mercury for a total of three flybys. Mariner 9 became the first spacecraft to orbit another planet when it reached Mars in 1971.
Nov 3, 1973 · Mariner 10. The first mission to employ gravity assist, or using the gravity of a planet to alter a spacecraft's speed and trajectory to fly by its target planet, the Mariner 10 mission flew by both Venus and Mercury, snapping photos and collecting data. Launch Date. Nov. 3, 1973. Type. Flyby Spacecraft. Target. Mercury, Venus. Status.
Apr 1, 2024 · With Mariner 10 set to fly on Nov. 3, 1973, in the event of disaster the spare had to be ready to go no later than Nov. 21. ... Mariner 10 swept 3,584 miles (5,768 km) over Venus’ cloud-cloaked ...
Feb 5, 2019 · The spacecraft approached Venus from its night side, and passed within 3,584 miles of the planet on Feb. 5, 1974. During the fly-by, Mariner 10 performed flawlessly and sent back information about Venus’ atmosphere and environment and beamed back the first close-up images of the cloud-shrouded planet. Photographs taken in visible light ...
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Nov 5, 2018 · Planetary scientists had learned a great deal about Venus from both Earth-based observations and spacecraft encounters. Two American spacecraft, Mariner 2 in 1962 and Mariner 5 in 1967, studied Venus during their fly-bys and revealed much about the planet’s atmosphere, showing it to be much hotter (527o C) and denser (75-100 atmospheres) than previously expected, and found only a very weak ...
