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    • Three flybys

      • The 10 Mariners visited Venus, Mars and Mercury for the first time, and later returned to Venus and Mars for a closer look. The final mission in the series, Mariner 10, flew past Venus before going on to Mercury for a total of three flybys.
      science.nasa.gov/mission/mariner-program/

      Mariner Program - NASA Science

  2. en.wikipedia.org › wiki › Mariner_10Mariner 10 - Wikipedia

    During its flyby of Venus, Mariner 10 discovered evidence of rotating clouds and a very weak magnetic field. Using a near-ultraviolet filter, it photographed Venus's chevron clouds and performed other atmospheric studies. The spacecraft flew past Mercury three times.

  3. science.nasa.gov › mission › mariner-10Mariner 10 - Science@NASA

    On Feb. 5, 1974, the spacecraft began returning images of Venus, the first picture showing the day-night terminator of the planet as a thin bright line. Overall, Mariner 10 returned 4,165 photos of Venus and collected important scientific data during its encounter. The closest flyby range was 3,584 miles (5,768 kilometers) at 17:01 UT Feb. 5, 1974.

    • United States of America (USA)
    • Mariner-73J / Mariner-J
    • Mercury Flyby, Venus Flyby
    • 1,100 pounds (502.9 kilograms)

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  5. science.nasa.gov › mission › mariner-programMariner Program - NASA Science

    The final mission in the series, Mariner 10, flew past Venus before going on to Mercury for a total of three flybys. Mariner 9 became the first spacecraft to orbit another planet when it reached Mars in 1971.

  6. www.nasa.gov › history › 45-years-ago-mariner-1045 Years Ago: Mariner 10 flies by Venus - NASA

    Feb 5, 2019 · The spacecraft approached Venus from its night side, and passed within 3,584 miles of the planet on Feb. 5, 1974. During the fly-by, Mariner 10 performed flawlessly and sent back information about Venus’ atmosphere and environment and beamed back the first close-up images of the cloud-shrouded planet.

  7. www.nasa.gov › history › 45-years-ago-mariner-10-off45 Years Ago, Mariner 10 Off to Venus and Mercury - NASA

    Nov 5, 2018 · The spacecraft passed within 5,768 kilometers (km) of Venus on February 5, 1974. During the fly-by, Mariner 10 sent back information about the Venus’ atmosphere and beaming back the first close-up images of the cloud-shrouded planet.

    • John Uri

  8. www.hq.nasa.gov › pao › HistoryMARINER 10 MISSION AND SPACECRAFT - NASA

    After completing a 176-day solar orbit following its first Mercury flyby, the Mariner 10 spacecraft successfully encountered Mercury for a second time on September 21, 1974 (Figure 4). The reencounter was at the same position in the solar system, 0.46 AU from the Sun.

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  10. www.planetary.org › space-images › mariner-10Mariner 10 - The Planetary Society

    NASA’s Mariner 10 was the first spacecraft to use a planet for a gravity assist. It flew past Venus in 1974 and then past Mercury on 3 occasions, in 1974…