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There have been 46 space missions to the planet Venus (including gravity-assist flybys). Missions to Venus constitute part of the exploration of Venus. The Soviet Union, followed by the United States, have soft landed probes on the surface.
- Luna 9 [USSR, February 3, 1966, uncrewed]: The first successful moon landing. Before astronauts ever set foot on the Moon, the Soviets, and Americans both sent fleets of robotic spacecraft to scout and pave the way.
- Surveyor 1 [NASA, June 2, 1966, uncrewed] Surveyor 1 was the first American spacecraft to perform a successful moon landing. It was launched on May 30, 1966, and landed in Oceanus Procellarum (the largest “mare” or “sea” on the moon) on June 2.
- Luna 13 [USSR, December 24, 1966, uncrewed] Luna 13 was launched on December 21, 1966, and performed a soft landing on the Moon in Oceanus Procellarum on December 24.
- Surveyor 3 [NASA, April 20, 1967, uncrewed] Surveyor 3 was launched on April 17, 1967, and landed on April 20, 1967, at the Mare Cognitum portion of the Oceanus Procellarum.
Missions to the Moon have been numerous and include some of the earliest space missions, conducting exploration of the Moon since 1959. The first partially successful lunar mission was Luna 1 (January 1959), the first probe to leave Earth and fly past another astronomical body.
MissionMissionSpacecraftLaunch Date1Pioneer 017 August 1958223 September 19583Pioneer 111 October 1958411 October 1958There have been numerous uncrewed missions to Venus. Ten Soviet Venera probes achieved a soft landing on the surface, with up to 110 minutes of communication from the surface, all without return. Launch windows occur every 19 months.
Mission (1960–1969)LaunchArrivalTermination20 May 20107 December 201529 May 202420 May 20108 December 201023 April 201520 May 2010December 201021 May 20109 November 200511 April 200616 December 2014All crewed moon landings took place between July 1969 and December 1972 as part of the United States Apollo program. All twelve people who have walked on the Moon are American men. To date, four of the twelve are still alive.
Moon Missions. Here are the major missions launched to the Moon. In addition to these missions, there have been CubeSats, small satellites that tend to launch as additional payloads with larger spacecraft. Key to tables: All times are in UTC.
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Mission Timeline. 1961 Sputnik 7 - 4 February 1961 - Attempted Venus Impact. Venera 1 - 12 February 1961 - Venus Flyby (Contact Lost) 1962 Mariner 1 - 22 July 1962 - Attempted Venus Flyby (Launch Failure) Sputnik 19 - 25 August 1962 - Attempted Venus Flyby. Mariner 2 - 27 August 1962 - Venus Flyby.
