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In order to have more than half of the soil composed of water-stable aggregates, a soil with 50% clay may need twice as much organic matter as a soil with 10% clay. Active Versus Passive Organic Matter. Most of the discussion in this chapter so far has been about the factors that control the quantity and location of total organic matter in soils.
- Location
Soil organic matter (SOM) is the organic matter component of soil, consisting of plant and animal detritus at various stages of decomposition, cells and tissues of soil microbes, and substances that soil microbes synthesize. SOM provides numerous benefits to soil's physical and chemical properties and its capacity to provide regulatory ...
- CO 2, CO 32−, HCO 3−, CH 4, C
- H 2 PO 4−, HPO 42−
- NH 4+, NO 2−, NO 3−, N 2 (gas), N 2 O (gas)
- S, H 2 S, SO 32−, SO 42−, CS 2
Soil organic matter transformations are a key part of plant nutrition and the ability to achieve good crop yields. Soil organic matter is also an integral part of local and global cycles of carbon, nitrogen and water, impacting many aspects that define the sustainability and future survival of life on earth. Chapter 2 Sources. Allison, F.E. 1973.
A soil will turn over approximately 2% of its organic matter annually, so for every 1% of organic matter, approximately 400 lbs. of organic matter is cycled annually. Soil organic matter contains nitrogen, phosphorus, sulfur, and other trace elements. In a healthy functioning soil, the total amounts released will vary based on soil conditions ...
Organic matter is a reservoir of nutrients that can be released to the soil. Each percent of organic matter in the soil releases 20 to 30 pounds of nitrogen, 4.5 to 6.6 pounds of P 2 O 5, and 2 to 3 pounds of sulfur per year. The nutrient release occurs predominantly in the spring and summer, so summer crops benefit more from organic-matter ...
The term ‘organic matter’ is used to refer to things consisting of organic carbon-so anything that was alive. However, not all of these components are equal when considering function in soil. Some materials break down rapidly, releasing nutrients within a few months or years, while some carbon contained in organic structures have been in ...
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Histosols make up only about 1% of soils worldwide (Buol et al., 2003), and most soils have a much lower content of soil organic matter. Soils in the northern Great Plains of the U.S. have some of the highest organic matter levels of all soils that aren’t Histosols, commonly ranging from 4% to 7% of the total soil mass (Figure 2).
