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Diabetes. mellitus (DM) is a common endocrinopathy in cats, with an in-creasing prevalence, likely reflecting the changes in nutrition and housing of domestic cats, while the genetic basis of our cats still supports a hunting lifestyle (Forcada et al, 2014).
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- About The CGM System
- Application of The Device
- Interpretation of Data
- Indications For Use of A CGM
- Complications and Limitations
- Conclusions
The most commonly used CGM system currently is the “FreeStyle Libre” (Abbott) which consists of a small sensor disc placed on the animal (Figure 1) which measures interstitial glucose, and either a mobile phone application or a reader device which stores the data from the sensor disc. As well as providing a glucose reading, the phone or reader will...
The vast majority of sensors can be placed in conscious patients, but pushing the sensor on requires a little pressure so, for some feline patients and when inexperienced at placing sensors, sedation or anxiolysis with gabapentin or butorphanol may be helpful. If diabetic patients are sedated for other procedures (eg imaging), the opportunity shoul...
The sensor should be scanned every eight hours to upload the data to a phone or reader device. Results can be sent from clients to the clinic using the application, or the reader connected to a computer to upload the data once required software is installed. Figure 6shows an example of a report which has various features including daily graphs, ave...
The system can be used in clinic on newly diagnosed diabetics to look at response to insulin and duration of effect, after which the patient is discharged with the sensor in place. Cats with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), unstable diabetics (eg persistent clinical signs, persistent hyperglycaemia or hypoglycaemia episodes, suspicion of Somogyi oversw...
A recent study examined the complications of the FreeStyle Libre device in 20 cats (Shoelson et al., 2021). A total of 33 sensors were placed, most of which were placed over the dorsolateral thorax. The most common complications were early sensor detachment (15 percent) and other complications related to the skin site where the sensor attached, mai...
CGM can be a useful tool in the management of diabetic cats. However, data must be interpreted along with clinical parameters indicative of response (weight, water intake, appetite) and limitations of the monitoring system acknowledged. There may be discrepancy between interstitial and blood glucose, particularly during rapid changes in blood gluco...
- Measured Food. Commonly with indoor cats, people will either have an automatic feeder, or just randomly “fill a bowl” with food. Cats are grazers by nature, and it’s normal for them to eat a few bites, walk away, then come back and eat more later.
- Regular Mealtimes. As mentioned above, cats are grazers by nature. But many indoor cats have gotten away from that and will polish off an entire bowl of food the second it’s put in front of them.
- Regular Insulin Administration. The regular mealtimes and measured food are important so that your cat can also receive their insulin at the same time(s) every day.
- Appropriate Insulin Handling. Most insulin has to be refrigerated when not in use. When it’s taken out, it should be gently rolled between your hands, not vigorously shaken, to ensure it is mixed evenly.
Mar 14, 2024 · A strictly controlled diet can be useful in controlling blood glucose levels in cats with diabetes. Feeding your cat special food by itself may or may not be completely effective, and it is most likely to work for cats who do not have severe diabetes.
- Lorie Huston
The optimal timing of meals for diabetic cats is controversial. Many veterinarians recommend feeding at the time of insulin injection to avoid a dangerous drop in blood glucose levels. However, there is no definitive evidence that the timing or frequency of meals in diabetic cats protects them from insulin-induced hypoglycemia.
It is critical to work closely with your veterinarian to choose the most appropriate nutrient profile to achieve a normal body condition. If your cat is overweight, your veterinarian will recommend a diet formulated to promote weight loss while offering adequate levels of easily digestible protein.
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Optimising bodyweight, feeding an appropriate diet and using a longer acting insulin preparation (eg, protamine zinc insulin, insulin glargine or insulin detemir) are all factors that are likely to result in improved glycaemic control in the majority of cats.
