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When New York's Elmira Reformatory opened in 1876, it rejected 19th century penology's holy trinity of silence, obedience and labor. Elmira's goal would be reform of the convict, and its methods would be psychological rather than physical.
Elmira Correctional Facility, also known as "The Hill", is a maximum security state prison located in Chemung County, in the City of Elmira in the US state of New York. It is operated by the New York State Department of Corrections and Community Supervision .
Elmira system, American penal system named after Elmira Reformatory, in New York. In 1876 Zebulon R. Brockway became an innovator in the reformatory movement by establishing Elmira Reformatory for young felons. Brockway was much influenced by the mark system, developed in Australia by Alexander
- The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
The institution is also credited with introducing parole as a regular part of correctional programs in this country. The program at Elmira was highly publicized and many other states followed New York's lead by establishing similar adult reformatories throughout the 1880's and 1890's.
When New York's Elmira Reformatory opened in 1876, it rejected 19th century penology's holy trinity of silence, obedience and labor. Elmira's goal would be reform of the convict, and its methods would be psychological rather than physical.
The Elmira Reformatory was the first in the United States to use a system that was based on the Irish parole system and indeterminate sentencing. A classification system was put in place that allowed the inmates to earn privileges based on their behavior and work. Instead of keeping inmates locked in their cells all day, inmates spent most of ...
Elmira Reformatory in upstate New York offered the most successful program of approaches since the eighteenth-century origins of American correctional education. Zebulon Reed Brockway, who established the Elmira prison program, served in prison reform for fifty years.
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