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It is operated by the New York State Department of Corrections and Community Supervision. A supermax prison, Southport Correctional Facility, is located 2 miles (3.2 km) away from Elmira. [citation needed] The facility was founded in 1876 as the Elmira Reformatory and run by its controversial superintendent Zebulon Brockway. Acting with ...
Elmira. When New York's Elmira Reformatory opened in 1876, it rejected 19th century penology's holy trinity of silence, obedience and labor. Elmira's goal would be reform of the convict, and its methods would be psychological rather than physical. Instead of coercing with the lash, Elmira would encourage with rewards.
Elmira system, American penal system named after Elmira Reformatory, in New York. In 1876 Zebulon R. Brockway became an innovator in the reformatory movement by establishing Elmira Reformatory for young felons. Brockway was much influenced by the mark system, developed in Australia by Alexander Maconochie, whereby credits, or marks, were ...
- The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
Construction of this institution was approved by the legislature in 1871 (Chapter 715), and it opened in 1876 as the New York State Reformatory at Elmira. Elmira's authority and functions were established by the legislature in the Laws of 1877, Chapter 173.
When New York's Elmira Reformatory opened in 1876, it rejected 19th century penology's holy trinity of silence, obedience and labor. Elmira's goal would be reform of the convict, and its methods would be psychological rather than physical. Instead of coercing with the lash, Elmira would encourage with rewards.
Elmira Prison was originally a barracks for "Camp Rathbun" or "Camp Chemung", a key muster and training point for the Union Army during the American Civil War, between 1861 and 1864. The 30-acre (120,000 m 2 ) site was selected partially due to its proximity to the Erie Railroad and the Northern Central Railway , which crisscrossed in the midst of the city.
Rehabilitative Education: Elmira Reformatory Changes in correctional education impelled broader prison reform in the middle of the nineteenth century. Elmira Reformatory in upstate New York offered the most successful program of approaches since the eighteenth-century origins of American correctional education.
