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Transverse wave
- Mathematics and experiments show that light is a transverse wave – the electric and magnetic field vectors point in directions that are perpendicular to the direction of motion of the light wave (and as it turns out, they also rare always perpendicular to each other).
Light as a Wave. Reflection and Refraction. All waves exhibit both reflection and refraction properties. When a wave moves from one medium into another, its direction of propagation changes; this is termed refraction.
Quick Facts: Electromagnetic Spectrum. Also known as: Electromagnetic radiation. Type: Radio, microwave, infrared, visible, ultraviolet, X-ray, and gamma ray. Size: We can describe light waves in terms of wavelength, or distance from one wave peak to the next.
As a result, different models describe different aspects of light’s behavior. The electromagnetic wave theory explains light’s ability to travel through a vacuum. The light ray model, on the other hand, can describe interactions between light and matter.
In all of these cases, light is modeled as traveling in straight lines called rays. Light may change direction when it encounters objects (such as a mirror) or in passing from one material to another (such as in passing from air to glass), but it then continues in a straight line or as a ray.
If light is a particle, then why does it refract when travelling from one medium to another? And if light is a wave, then why does it dislodge electrons ? But all behavior of light can be explained by combining the two models: light behaves like particles and light behaves like waves.
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Is light a wave or a particle? How is it created? And why can’t humans see the whole spectrum of light? All your questions answered.