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The Persian Empire is the name given to a series of dynasties centered in modern‑day Iran that spanned several centuries—from the sixth century B.C. to the 20th century A.D. The first Persian ...
- Writing
The invention of written language replaced the oral...
- Mesopotamia
Agricultural progress was the work of the dominant Ubaid...
- Byzantine Empire
The Byzantine Empire was a vast and powerful civilization...
- Persian Empire
The Persian Empire is the name given to a series of...
- Silk Road
The Silk Road was a network of trade routes connecting China...
- Petra
Petra is an archeological site in present‑day Jordan. Known...
- Writing
A cradle of civilization is a location and a culture where civilization was developed independent of other civilizations in other locations. A civilization is any complex society characterized by the development of the state , social stratification , urbanization , and symbolic systems of communication beyond signed or spoken languages (namely, writing systems and graphic arts ).
The Middle East, also known as the Near East, is home to one of the cradles of civilization and has seen many of the world's oldest cultures and civilizations. The region's history started from the earliest human settlements and continues through several major pre- and post-Islamic Empires to today's nation-states of the Middle East.
- Cradle of Civilization
- Trade & Empire
- The Promised Land
- Changing Empires
- The Fertile Crescent Today
Known as the Cradle of Civilization, the Fertile Crescent is regarded as the birthplace of agriculture, urbanization, writing, trade, science, history and organized religion and was first populated c. 10,000 BCE when agriculture and the domestication of animals began in the region. By 9,000 BCE the cultivation of wild grains and cereals was wide-sp...
Trade routes grew up to form long-distance travel to the Kingdom of Saba in southern Arabia, Egypt, and the Kingdom of Kush in Africa. In time, this trade would establish the so-called Incense Routes which flourished between the 7th/6th centuries BCE and the 2nd century CE. The Incense Routes would facilitate cross-cultural exchange as merchants wo...
It is speculated that it was in either 1900 or c. 1750 BCE that the biblical patriarch Abraham left his native city of Ur for the 'promised land' of Canaan carrying the tales and legends of Mesopotamian gods with him which would in time appear, transformed, as biblical narratives. If it was not in fact Abraham who diffused Mesopotamian myth and leg...
The region changed hands many times through the ages. By 912 BCE the Assyrians controlled the Fertile Crescent and developed their vast empire. The Neo-Assyrian Empire was ruled by some of the best-known kings from antiquity including Tiglath Pileser III (745-727 BCE),Sargon II (722-705 BCE), Sennacherib (705-681 BCE), Esarhaddon (681-669 BCE) and ...
In 2001 CE the National Geographic Newsreported that the Fertile Crescent was rapidly becoming so only in name as, due to climate change, extensive damming of the rivers as well as a massive draining works program initiated in southern Iraq from the 1970's CE on, the fertile marshlands which once covered 15,000 – 20,000 square kilometers (5,800 – 7...
- Joshua J. Mark
In the east the Iranian tribes, led by the Medes, were pouring into Iran from Turkistan. From the south and west came the Aramaeans. The Aramaeans and Medes were to transform the ancient Middle East. The Assyrian state suffered an eclipse in the 11th century bce, when the Aramaeans and related tribes occupied most of its territory.
- William Foxwell Albright
Nov 30, 2017 · Agricultural progress was the work of the dominant Ubaid culture, which had absorbed the Halaf culture before it. How Mesopotamia Became the Cradle of Civilization
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Dec 20, 2017 · The Fertile Crescent is the boomerang-shaped region of the Middle East that was home to some of the earliest human civilizations. Also known as the “Cradle of Civilization,” this area was the ...
