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Jul 29, 2024 · The following are some simple recommendations to help care for children with diarrhea at home. Dietary recommendations — There has been much confusion and folklore about optimal foods for children with diarrhea. Fortunately, a number of studies have examined recommendations that are proven to be effective and these recommendations have been ...
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- Cohen Mb. Etiology and Mechanisms of Acute Infectious Diarrhea in Infants in The United States. J Pediatr 1991; 118:S34
Secondary outcomes included the duration of diarrhea and...
- Guarino A, Ashkenazi S, Gendrel D, Et Al. European Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition/European Society for Pediatric Infectious Diseases Evidence-Based Guidelines for The Management of Acute Gastroenteritis in Children in Europe: Update 2014. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2014; 59:132
Active therapy may reduce the duration and severity of...
- Freedman Sb, Willan Ar, Boutis K, Schuh S. Effect of Dilute Apple Juice and Preferred Fluids vs Electrolyte Maintenance Solution on Treatment Failure Among Children With Mild Gastroenteritis: a Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA 2016; 315:1966
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- Contributor Disclosures
- Diarrhoea Treatment Guidelines
- Not yet field-tested
- Preface
- Introduction
- Changes being made
- Purpose of this guide
- Structure of the guide
- 1.3 Why is diarrhoea dangerous?
- 1.4 How diarrhoea causes dehydration
- 1.5 Zinc and diarrhoea
- 1.6.1 Preventing dehydration
- 1.6.2 Treating dehydration
- 1.6.4 Feeding
- 1.6.5 Other treatments
- 1.7 Preventing diarrhoea
- Counsel mother
- 2. Assessing a Child with Diarrhoea
- LOOK
Including new recommendations for the use of ORS and zinc supplementation
These guidelines are designed to prepare clinic- based health workers to implement the new WHO/UNICEF recommendations for the use of ORS and zinc supplementation in the clinical management of diarrhoea. The information is meant to complement, not replace, more comprehensive policy guidance available from WHO on the management of diarrhoea. The guid...
The need for guidance on how to implement the new WHO/ UNICEF recommendations for the use of ORS and zinc supplementation in the clinical management of diarrhoea was articulated at a meeting at Johns Hopkins University in June, 2004. On behalf of USAID, MOST initiated the effort to prepare the needed guidance in anticipation of the introduction of ...
Diarrhoea remains a leading cause of child death around the world. Two recent advances in managing diarrhoeal disease can drastically reduce the number of child deaths: Newly formulated Oral Rehydration Salts (ORS) solution, con-taining lower concentrations of glucose and salts, to prevent dehydration and the need for intravenous therapy Zinc suppl...
ORS has been an important part of diarrhoea management for over 25 years, keeping millions of children from unnecessary dehydration and subsequent death as a result of diarrhoea. The new formula for ORS has been scientifically proven to be more efficacious than the old one, and is now the formula recommended by WHO and UNICEF. Packets of the new OR...
As a clinic-based healthcare worker YOU are an essential element in the promotion and implementation of improved diarrhoea management. With the information provided in this document you will be well prepared to implement in your clinic these changes in the management of diarrhoea. This document aims to emphasize the role of increased fluids, includ...
This document is divided in four parts plus a series of annexes: 1) Overview of the management of diarrhoea: This section reviews the basics of diarrhoea assessment and the use of ORS, home fluids and continued feeding for diarrhoea management. This section also introduces the inclusion of zinc supplementation as treatment for diarrhoea by providin...
Two main dangers of diarrhoea are dehydration and malnutrition which can lead to death. Death from acute diarrhoea is most often caused by loss of a large amount of water and salt from the body. This loss is called dehydration. Dysentery is another important cause of death related to diarrhoea. Diarrhoea is worse in children with malnutrition. Diar...
The body normally takes in the water and salts it needs (input) through drinks and food. It normally loses water and salts (output) through stool, urine and sweat. When the bowel is healthy, water and salts pass from the bowel into the blood. When there is diarrhoea, the bowel does not work normally. Less water and salts pass into the blood, and mo...
Zinc is an important micronutrient for a child’s overall health and development. Zinc is lost in greater quantities during diarrhoea. Replacing the lost zinc is important to help the child recover and to keep the child healthy in the coming months.
In the home, dehydration can usually be prevented by drinking more fluids as soon as the diarrhoea starts. To do this, give the recommended home fluids or give available food-based fluids, such as gruel, soup or rice-water. Also increase the frequency of breastfeeding, or give milk feeds prepared with twice the usual amount of water. The types of f...
If dehydration occurs, the child should be brought to a community health worker or health centre for treatment. The best treatment for dehydration is oral therapy with a solution made with ORS. For breastfeeding children, the frequency and duration of feedings should be increased. The baby should be encouraged to feed as many times and for as long ...
The child should be offered small amounts of nutritious, easily digestible food frequently. If the child is breastfed, try to increase the frequency and duration of feeds. Feeding during the diarrhoea episode provides nutrients the child needs to be strong and grow, and prevents weight loss during diarrhoea. Fluids given to the child do not replace...
There are no drugs at the present time which will safely and effectively stop diarrhoea. Antibiotics are not effective against most diarrhoea-causing organisms. They rarely help and can make some people sicker in the long term. Their indiscriminate use may increase resistance of some disease-causing organisms to antibiotics. In addition, antibiotic...
Mothers bringing a child to the clinic are likely to be a receptive audience for information about preventing future diarrhoea. Clinic workers should select the messages from the list of well-established preventive strategies that are most appropriate for each child. Breast milk not only provides the most nutritious food for infants and young chil...
Teach mother to give ORS and zinc. Explain good food choices, including breastfeeding
When a child comes to a health worker or a health centre because of diarrhoea, the first step is to assess the child for signs of dehydration. The health worker should also ask if there is diarrhoea when a child comes with an illness which often is accompanied by diarrhoea, such as measles. As you read this section, look at the table entitled “Does...
What is the child’s general condition? Is he/she well and alert? Is he/she restless or irritable? Is he/she lethargic or unconscious? Is he/she severely malnourished? Are his/her eyes normal or sunken?
Diarrhea is defined as an increase in the number of stools or the presence of looser stools than is normal for the individual, i.e. more than three bowel movements each day. Acute diarrhea is when diarrhea occurs for less than 3 weeks total. When diarrhea lasts longer than three weeks, it is considered to be chronic.
Feb 1, 2019 · Acute gastroenteritis is defined as a diarrheal disease of rapid onset, with or without nausea, vomiting, fever, or abdominal pain. In the United States, acute gastroenteritis accounts for 1.5 ...
Nov 1, 2018 · The Federation of International Societies of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition (FISPGHAN) Working Group (WG) selected care protocols on the management of acute diarrhea in infants and children aged between 1 month and 18 years. The WG used a 3-step approach consisting of: systematic review and comparison of published ...
- Alfredo Guarino, Andrea Lo Vecchio, Jorge Amil Dias, James A Berkley, Chris Boey, Dario Bruzzese, Mi...
- 10.1097/MPG.0000000000002053
- 2018
- 2018/11/11
Oct 19, 2017 · A meta-analysis of 33 trials involving children <5 years of age with acute diarrhea (mostly inpatients from high- and middle-income countries) found that a lactose-free diet reduced the duration of diarrhea by an average of 18 hours and reduced treatment failure (continued or worsening diarrhea or vomiting, the need for additional rehydration, or continuing weight loss) by one half [173].
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As a guide to prevent dehydration, in addition to giving the children as much fluid as they desire until the diarrhoea stops, after each loose bowel movement, children younger than two years should be made to drink 50–100 mL of fluid, and those aged between two and ten years should be made to drink 100–200 mL of fluid.
