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4 days ago · The reactions of cellular respiration can be grouped into three main stages and an intermediate stage: glycolysis, Transformation of pyruvate, the Krebs cycle (also called the citric acid cycle), and Oxidative Phosphorylation. Figure \(\PageIndex{3}\) gives an overview of these three stages, which are also described in detail below.
- 5.10: Fermentation
With oxygen, organisms can use aerobic cellular respiration...
- 5.10: Fermentation
- Plant growth. Plants rely on the process of aerobic respiration to meet their energy needs, especially during the growth and development phases. Despite their well-known role as producers of oxygen through photosynthesis, plants have their own share of energy requirements, especially during night or when their energy demands surpass their photosynthetic capabilities.
- Cellular Respiration in Animals. Cellular respiration in animals is a fundamental process that provides the energy necessary for their daily activities and survival.
- Respiration in Fish. Fish are adapted to their aquatic habitat with the input of aerobic respiration. They’ve evolved gills that increase their surface area and facilitate the exchange of gases between their blood and the surrounding water.
- Human Exercise. When human beings engage in physical activities such as jogging, swimming, or cycling, their muscles demand a considerable amount of energy to support the increased workload.
- Splitting Glucose
- Results of Glycolysis
- Transition Reaction
- Results of The Glycolysis, Transition Reaction and Krebs Cycle
- Transporting Electrons
- References
The word glycolysis literally means “glucose splitting,” which is exactly what happens in this stage. Enzymessplit a molecule of glucose into two molecules of pyruvate (also known as pyruvic acid). This occurs in several steps, as summarized in the following diagram.
Energy is needed at the start of glycolysis to split the glucose molecule into two pyruvate molecules which go on to stage II of cellular respiration. The energy needed to split glucose is provided by two molecules of ATP; this is called the energy investment phase. As glycolysis proceeds, energy is released, and the energy is used to make four mol...
Before pyruvate can enter the next stage of cellular respiration it needs to be modified slightly. The transition reaction is a very short reaction which converts the two molecules of pyruvate to two molecules of acetyl CoA, carbon dioxide, and two high energy electron pairs convert NAD to NADH. The carbon dioxide is released, the acetyl CoA moves ...
After glycolysis, transition reaction, and the Krebs cycle, the glucose molecule has been broken down completely. All six of its carbon atoms have combined with oxygen to form carbon dioxide. The energy from its chemical bonds has been stored in a total of 16 energy-carrier molecules. These molecules are: 1. 4 ATP (2 from glycolysis, 2 from Krebs C...
The Electron transport chain is the third stage of cellular respiration and is illustrated in Figure 4.10.8. During this stage, high-energy electrons are released from NADH and FADH2, and they move along electron-transport chains on the inner membrane of the mitochondrion. An electron-transport chain is a series of molecules that transfer electrons...
CrashCourse. (2012, March 12). ATP & Respiration: Crash Course Biology #7. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?time_continue=2&v=00jbG_cfGuQ&feature=emb_logo Betts, J. G., Young, K.A., Wise, J.A., Johnson, E., Poe, B., Kruse, D.H., Korol, O., Johnson, J.E., Womble, M., DeSaix, P. (2013, April 25). Figure 24.8Electron Transport Chain [dig...
- Christine Miller
- 2020
Jan 18, 2022 · Light-dependent reaction is the series of biochemical reactions in photosynthesis requiring light energy that is captured by light-absorbing pigments (such as chlorophyll) to be converted into chemical energy (ATP and NADPH).
Cellular respiration is a collection of three unique metabolic pathways: glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, and the electron transport chain. Glycolysis is an anaerobic process, while the other two pathways are aerobic.
Jan 15, 2021 · Cellular respiration is the process through which cells convert sugars into energy. To create ATP and other forms of energy to power cellular reactions, cells require fuel and an electron acceptor which drives the chemical process of turning energy into a useable form.
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Using the energy carriers formed in the first steps of photosynthesis, the light-independent reactions, or the Calvin cycle, take in CO 2 from the environment. An enzyme, RuBisCO, catalyzes a reaction with CO 2 and another molecule, RuBP.
