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The opening is the initial stage of a chess game. It usually consists of established theory. The other phases are the middlegame and the endgame. [1] Many opening sequences, known as openings, have standard names such as "Sicilian Defense".
The opening is the first phase of a chess game, starting from the very first move. The opening is followed by the middlegame and then the endgame . When the opening ends and the middlegame begins is a subjective question that depends on the flow of each game.
- Ruy Lopez. The Spruce / Tim Liedtke. The Ruy Lopez—also known as the Spanish game—is named after Rodrigo (Ruy) Lopez de Segura, a Spanish bishop who analyzed this opening in his 1561 work, "Book of the Liberal Invention and Art of the Game of Chess."
- Italian Game. First developed in the 1600s and perhaps the oldest chess opening, the Italian game also called the giuoco piano, "the quiet game" in Italian, is reached by the moves: 1.
- Sicilian Defense. The Sicilian defense (1. e4, c5) is black's most popular response to e4, especially at the highest levels of chess. By playing c5, black immediately fights for the center and attacks d4 but avoids the symmetry of e5.
- French Defense. The French defense (1. e4, e6) concedes central space to white and limits the scope of his king's bishop but prevents tactics against f7 while allowing black to have activity on the queenside and counterplay in the center.
- Chess Opening Principles. Keeping the following opening principles in mind will serve you well. Even when you begin memorizing specific sequences of moves, these principles are still crucial to playing the opening successfully – if your opponent plays a move you’re unfamiliar with, you’re back on your own, and these principles will be your lifeline!
- Chess Opening Theory. Let’s talk specifics. In light of the principles discussed above, it should come as no surprise that white’s two most popular opening moves are, by a large margin, 1.
- King’s Pawn Openings. The King’s Pawn Opening is often considered white’s most aggressive option. World Champion Bobby Fischer was famously preferential towards this opening move, calling it “Best by test.”
- Queen’s Pawn Openings.
Most of the chess openings have been named and analyzed for hundreds of years. It is important if you want to be successful in chess to be familiar with some of the most popular openings and understand the theory behind the moves.
Explore over 3,000 opening chess lines, and find the perfect opening for you. Study relevant master games to help improve your opening game.
The opening is the first phase in every game of chess. It is defined as roughly the first 10 moves, after which the game transitions into the middlegame . Beginners often feel confused and overwhelmed with the sheer amount of possible moves.
