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Oil derricks are the load-bearing towering structures that symbolize the age-old pursuit of fueling the world’s energy demands. They are permanent structures used to support and position a drill string over an oil well. Mainly found in offshore drilling applications, Oil derricks extend like a tall tower above the drilling operations.
- Substructures
- Purpose & Application
- Types of Derricks
- Components of Standard Derrick in Drilling Rigs
- Drilling Rig Derrick Construction in Oil & Gas
- Derrick Sizes and General Dimensions in Drilling Rigs
- Pros & Cons of Oil Derricks Above Over Masts
- Manufacturer & IADC Specifications
- Drilling Rig Mast and Oil Derrick Nameplate Information
- Periodic Inspection
Derricks and portable masts other than the telescopic type are supported by a heavy steel sub structure. The oil derrick transmits all the vertical loads through four points at the lower ends of the legs. The substructure transmits loads to the ground through large area of the flanges of the basal I-beams.. The design aims to keep the required bea...
Oil Rig derrick and mast in oil and gas have two functions. 1. The primary function is to support the crown block (Drilling Rig Components). 1. The lighter types of well-servicing rigs’ masts do not support tubular storage vertically in “stands” of three lengths. The masts are necessary to achieve proper “racking” of the tubular. Unscrew only one o...
There are mainly two types of derricks in drilling rigs: 1. Firstly, stationary Type: Derrick used on offshore fixed structures 1. On floating offshore drilling rigs, there is a more vital type of derrick called the dynamic type. This derrick consists of welded sections pinned together instead of being constructed using individual bolted beams. Unl...
Figure 2 shows the so-called API standard oil derrick. It consists of four main legs of beams bolted together plus a series of horizontal girts and diagonal cross bracing, also bolted. The derrick is typically constructed from structural steel with a minimum yield of 224.4 N/mm2 (33,000 psi). In addition, the material has a hot-dipped galvanized su...
This construction allows transportation of the standard derrick on regular trucks and erection without heavy lifting equipment. In addition, there is a need for a specialist rig-building crew (Rig personnel), who construct it from the bottom up, with each successive layer lifted into place by a gin-pole supported by cables attached to the previous...
Tolerances For Standard Derricks in drilling rigs:
1. A, The vertical distance from the top of the base plate to the bottom of the Crown Block support Beam, +/- 6 in 2. B, The distance between heel to heel of adjacent legs,+/- 5 in 3. C, The window opening measured in the clear and parallel to the center line of the derrick side from the top of the base plate, + 3 ft, 6 in 4. D, The smallest clear dimension at the top of the derrick that would restrict the passage of the crown block, +/- 2 in 5. E, The clearance between the horizontal header...
Conventional or standard derricks are used: 1. Firstly, where many wells are in the exact location, there will be no need to dismantle the derrick to move it to the next cellar. 2. Secondly, on small, tenderly supported platforms with insufficient space to assemble a mast horizontally. 3. In situations where we cannot transport mast sections. 4. Wh...
Derricks are classified (or rated) by the American Petroleum Institute (API) according to their height and ability to withstand wind and compressive loads. API has published standards for the particular specifications. The higher the oil derrick is, the longer stands it can handle, reducing the tripping time. Derricks that are capable of handling sta...
Manufacturer’s name.Manufacturer’s address.Specification 4F.Serial number.The API applicable references are API RP 4G, API RP 54, and the Manufacturer’s recommendations. Some companies are more strict and require the API Category IV inspection (as per API RP 4G) every 5 years instead of 10. Mast/derricks and substructures on mobile offshore drilling oil rigs or fixed platforms are exempted from Category IV inspection req...
- Drilling Supervisor
- Derricks. Drilling derricks and Rig Masts consist of a steel framework with a square or rectangular cross-section. Their purpose is to support the hoisting equipment and rack the tubulars while tripping pipe.
- Drawworks. The Drawworks is one of the most important components of the drilling rig (types of drilling rigs). The unit supplies the hoisting power, the drawworks spools the drilling line as the drill pipe is run into and pulled out from the well.
- Crown Block. The Crown Block as a drilling rig component is a fixed set of pulleys (called sheaves) located at the top of the derrick or mast, where the drilling line is threaded.
- Traveling Block. The Traveling Block is a set of sheaves (pulleys) that move up and down in the derrick. The drilling line is threaded (reeved) over the sheaves on the crown and through the sheaves in the traveling block.
Drill pipe (#16) is a joint of hollow tubing used to connect the surface equipment to the bottom hole assembly (BHA) and acts as a conduit for the drilling fluid. In the diagram, these are stands of drill pipe which are 2 or 3 joints of drill pipe connected and stood in the derrick vertically, usually to save time while tripping pipe.
Mechanical system - driven by electric motors. hoisting system - used for lifting heavy loads; consists of a mechanical winch (drawworks) with a large steel cable spool, a block-and-tackle pulley and a receiving storage reel for the cable. turntable - part of the drilling apparatus. Rotating equipment - used for rotary drilling.
A derrick is a tall, tower-like structure used in the extraction of oil and gas from the ground. It is made up of several main components, each with its own specific function. These components work together to enable the drilling process and ensure the safe extraction of oil and gas. The first main component of a derrick is the mast.
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derrick. 1. n. [Drilling] The structure used to support the crown blocks and the drillstring of a drilling rig. Derricks are usually pyramidal in shape, and offer a good strength-to-weight ratio. If the derrick design does not allow it to be moved easily in one piece, special ironworkers must assemble them piece by piece, and in some cases ...
